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Shloka 5

Adhyāya 143: Nocturnal duels—Nākuli and Citraseṇa; Vṛṣasena’s assault; Duḥśāsana vs Prativindhya

सम्प्राप्प भारतीमध्यं तलघोषसमाकुलम्‌ । असिशक्तिगदापूर्णमप्लवं सलिलं यथा

samprāpya bhāratī-madhyaṁ talaghoṣa-samākulam | asi-śakti-gadā-pūrṇam aplavaṁ salilaṁ yathā

Sañjaya dit : Étant entré au plein milieu de l’armée des Bhārata—épaisse du fracas des claquements de mains et des cris de bataille—il la trouva encombrée d’épées, de lances et de massues, telle une crue sans radeau ni gué. Cette image souligne le péril moral de la guerre : une fois plongé en son centre, elle devient un courant difficile à traverser, où l’on ne survit que par la constance, l’art du combat et une résolution conforme au dharma, plutôt que par la seule force.

सम्प्राप्यhaving reached
सम्प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-आप् (धातु: आप्)
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
भारतीम्the (river) Bhāratī
भारतीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभारती (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अध्यम्the middle (region)
अध्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तलघोषसमाकुलम्filled with the din of (striking) palms/hands
तलघोषसमाकुलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमाकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
असि-शक्ति-गदा-पूर्णम्full of swords, spears, and maces
असि-शक्ति-गदा-पूर्णम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अप्लवम्without a boat/raft; not fordable
अप्लवम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्लव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सलिलम्water
सलिलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसलिल (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यथाas, like
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhārata host (Kuru army)
S
sword (asi)
S
spear/lance (śakti)
M
mace (gadā)
W
water/flood (salila)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses a moral-psychological simile: the battlefield’s center is like a raftless flood—once entered, it is difficult to cross. It highlights the ethical gravity of war and the need for disciplined courage and right judgment amid chaos.

Sañjaya describes a warrior (implied from context) penetrating into the midst of the Kuru host, which is roaring with loud sounds and densely armed with swords, spears, and maces—so dangerous that it resembles an uncrossable torrent.