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Shloka 33

रात्रौ युद्धप्रवृत्तिः — Night Battle Begins; Duryodhana’s Protective Orders for Droṇa

Droṇa-parva 139

त्वमागा: समर वीर क्षात्रधर्ममनुस्मरन्‌ । ततो विनिहत: संख्ये युद्धधर्मो हि निछुर:,“वीर! तुम क्षत्रिय-धर्मका विचार करके समरभूमिमें आ गये। इसीलिये इस युद्धमें मारे गये; क्योंकि युद्धरधर्म कठोर होता है

tvam āgāḥ samara vīra kṣātradharmam anusmaran | tato vinihataḥ saṅkhye yuddhadharmo hi niṣṭhuraḥ ||

Sañjaya dit : «Ô héros, tu es venu sur le champ de bataille en te souvenant du devoir du kṣatriya. C’est pourquoi tu as été frappé dans le choc des armes—car la loi de la guerre est, en vérité, dure.»

त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Prathama, Eka
आगाःcame
आगाः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ√गम्
FormLung (Aorist), Madhyama, Eka, Parasmaipada
समरम्to the battle
समरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormPum, Dvitiya, Eka
वीरO hero
वीर:
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormPum, Sambodhana, Eka
क्षात्रधर्मम्the Kshatriya-duty
क्षात्रधर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootक्षात्रधर्म
FormPum, Dvitiya, Eka
अनुस्मरन्remembering, keeping in mind
अनुस्मरन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु√स्मृ
FormShatr (present active participle), Pum, Prathama, Eka
ततःtherefore, then
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
विनिहतःslain, killed
विनिहतः:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-नि√हन्
FormKta (past passive participle), Pum, Prathama, Eka
संख्येin battle
संख्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंख्या
FormStri, Saptami, Eka
युद्धधर्मःthe law/way of war
युद्धधर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्धधर्म
FormPum, Prathama, Eka
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
निष्ठुरःharsh, cruel
निष्ठुरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्ठुर
FormPum, Prathama, Eka

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse frames death in battle as a consequence of embracing kṣatriya-duty: choosing the warrior’s path entails accepting the severe, unforgiving nature of yuddha-dharma (the realities and code of war).

Sanjaya addresses a fallen or addressed warrior as “hero,” stating that he entered the battlefield mindful of kṣatriya-dharma and was therefore slain in the fight, emphasizing that warfare is inherently harsh.