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Shloka 74

Droṇa Encircled at Night: Coalition Advance and Battlefield Omens (द्रोणपर्यावरणं रात्रियुद्धवर्णनम्)

भीषयित्वा रथानीकं हत्वा योधान्‌ वरान्‌ वरान्‌ । व्यतीत्य रथिनश्चापि द्रोणानीकमुपाद्रवत्‌,बड़े जोरसे ताली बजाकर महाबली भीमने रथसेनाको डरा दिया और श्रेष्ठ- श्रेष्ठ योद्धाओंको चुन-चुनकर मारा। फिर समस्त रथियोंको लाँधचकर द्रोणाचार्यकी सेनापर धावा बोल दिया

bhīṣayitvā rathānīkaṁ hatvā yodhān varān varān | vyatītya rathinaś cāpi droṇānīkam upādravat |

Sañjaya dit : Après avoir jeté l’effroi dans la masse des chars et après avoir abattu, l’un après l’autre, nombre des plus grands guerriers, Bhīma—ayant forcé le passage jusque parmi les combattants en char—se rua droit sur le corps de Droṇa.

भीषयित्वाhaving frightened/terrified
भीषयित्वा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootभीषय् (भीष् caus.)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भावः (causative sense), non-finite
रथ-अनीकम्the chariot-division/array
रथ-अनीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हत्वाhaving slain
हत्वा:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), परस्मैपद-भावः, non-finite
योधान्warriors
योधान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोध
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वरान्excellent, choice
वरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वरान्excellent (repeated for emphasis: 'the best of the best')
वरान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
व्यतीत्यhaving passed beyond/overstepped
व्यतीत्य:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootवि + अति + इ (अतिइ/इ)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त (absolutive), irregular/contracted form, परस्मैपद-भावः, non-finite
रथिनःchariot-warriors
रथिनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formtrue
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formtrue
द्रोण-अनीकम्Drona's division/army-array
द्रोण-अनीकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपाद्रवत्rushed/charged towards
उपाद्रवत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउप + द्रु
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
B
Bhīma
D
Droṇa
R
rathānīka (chariot-host/formation)
D
droṇānīka (Droṇa’s division)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores how martial excellence can rapidly shift the moral and psychological landscape of war: fear and collapse of order follow when leaders and elite fighters fall. It implicitly raises the ethical tension of kṣatriya-dharma—valor and duty expressed through destructive force—showing how righteousness in war is entangled with suffering and escalation.

Sañjaya describes Bhīma’s onslaught: he terrifies the chariot ranks, kills many of the foremost warriors, breaks through the line of chariot-fighters, and then rushes to attack the specific formation commanded by Droṇa.