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Shloka 31

Droṇa Encircled at Night: Coalition Advance and Battlefield Omens (द्रोणपर्यावरणं रात्रियुद्धवर्णनम्)

आरुजन्‌ विरुजन्‌ पार्थो ज्यां विकर्षश्न॒ पाणिना । सम्प्रकर्षन्‌ विमर्षश्न सेनाग्रं समलोडयत्‌,कुन्तीकुमार भीम अपने हाथसे धनुषकी डोरी खींचकर चढ़ाते, उसे भलीभाँति कानतक खींचते, बाणोंकी वर्षा करते तथा शत्रुओंको घायल करके उनके अंग-भंग करते हुए सेनाके अग्रभागको मथे डालते थे

sañjaya uvāca |

ārujan virujan pārtho jyāṃ vikarṣan pāṇinā |

samprakarṣan vimṛśan senāgraṃ saṃmaloḍayat |

Sañjaya dit : Arjuna, fils de Pṛthā, ne cessait de tirer de la main la corde de son arc, la bandant jusqu’au plein ; et, frappant, blessant et brisant les membres de l’ennemi, il bouleversa et mit en pièces l’avant-garde même de l’armée adverse. La scène souligne le dharma âpre du combat : la force disciplinée, dirigée sans hésitation, devient un instrument décisif sous le poids moral de la guerre.

आरुजन्he broke, he shattered
आरुजन्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-रुज् (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
विरुजन्he injured, he crushed
विरुजन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-रुज् (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
पार्थःPārtha (son of Pṛthā)
पार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्याम्bowstring
ज्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्या (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
विकर्षन्pulling, drawing
विकर्षन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-कृष् (धातु)
FormŚatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
पाणिनाwith (his) hand
पाणिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाणि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सम्प्रकर्षन्drawing fully, pulling tight
सम्प्रकर्षन्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-प्र-कृष् (धातु)
FormŚatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
विमर्षन्striking, smiting; assailing
विमर्षन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-मृश् (धातु)
FormŚatṛ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सेनाग्रम्the vanguard/front of the army
सेनाग्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसेनाग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समलोडयत्he churned up, he agitated, he crushed (the front ranks)
समलोडयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-लुड्/लोड् (धातु; causative sense in context)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna (Pārtha)
B
bowstring (jyā)
V
vanguard of the army (senāgra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the disciplined execution of kṣatriya-duty in war: focused skill and resolve can decisively protect one’s side, yet it also implicitly carries the ethical gravity of causing injury and destruction on the battlefield.

Sañjaya describes Arjuna at the height of combat: he draws his bowstring to full tension and, with a storm of attacks that wound and break opponents, he throws the enemy vanguard into chaos and collapse.