Mahabharata 7.118.18 — Drona Parva, Adhyaya 118, Shloka 18

भूरिश्रवसः गर्हा, प्रायोपवेशः, सात्यकिकृतशिरच्छेदः

Bhūriśravas’s Censure, Prāyopaveśa, and Sātyaki’s Beheading

Devanagari script

पीडित॑ नृपतिं दृष्टवा तव पुत्रा महारथा:

Transliteration

pīḍitaṁ nṛpatiṁ dṛṣṭvā tava putrā mahārathāḥ

Translation

Sañjaya dit : Voyant le roi en détresse, tes fils—ces grands guerriers de char—(agirent en conséquence).

Word by Word

• पीडितम्: afflicted, distressed
• पीडितम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पीडित (√पीड्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• नृपतिम्: the king
• नृपतिम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: नृपति
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• Type: Verb
• Root: √दृश्
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund)

• तव: of you, your
• तव: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Genitive, Singular

• पुत्राः: sons
• पुत्राः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महारथाः: great chariot-warriors
• महारथाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'your')
• Kauravas (implied by 'your sons')
• the king (nṛpati)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The line highlights how a ruler’s inner condition affects those around him: the king’s distress becomes a catalyst for the actions of his followers. In the Mahābhārata’s ethical frame, leadership carries emotional and moral responsibility, especially amid war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the Kaurava princes and leading warriors, upon seeing the king distressed, respond—setting up the next action or counsel in the unfolding battle narrative of Droṇa Parva.