Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 20

Bhūriśravas–Sātyaki Saṃvāda and Duel; Arjuna’s Intervention (भूरिश्रवाः–सात्यकि संवादः, युद्धम्, अर्जुन-हस्तक्षेपः)

तमूहु: सारथेरवश्या वल्गमाना हयोत्तमा:

tam ūhuḥ sārather avaśyā valgamanā hayottamāḥ

Sañjaya dit : «On rapporta que les meilleurs chevaux, d’ordinaire dociles au cocher, se cabraient à présent, s’élançant en avant avec agitation.» Dans le récit de guerre, c’est le signe d’un moment où même des forces bien dressées se tendent contre la maîtrise : image de l’intensité du combat qui ébranle la discipline et éprouve la constance de ceux chargés de conduire la puissance avec responsabilité.

तान्them
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ऊहुःcarried/bore
ऊहुः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
सारथेःof the charioteer
सारथेः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसारथि
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
अवश्याःuncontrollable; not obedient
अवश्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वल्गमानाःprancing; leaping about
वल्गमानाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवल्ग्
Formशानच् (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
हयोत्तमाःexcellent horses
हयोत्तमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहयोत्तम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
C
charioteer (sārathi)
H
horses (haya)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses the image of even ‘obedient’ horses becoming restless to suggest that in extreme conditions like war, control and discipline are tested; true leadership is shown in maintaining restraint and guidance when forces surge beyond ordinary limits.

Sañjaya reports a battlefield observation: the best horses, usually responsive to the charioteer’s command, are prancing and straining forward—indicating heightened tension, urgency, or tumult around the chariot in the ongoing combat.