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Shloka 67

Chapter 51: Saṃdhyākāla-saṃhāra

Evening Withdrawal after Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

कैकेये च विराटे च धृष्टद्युम्ने च पार्षते । एतेषु नरसिंहेषु चेदिमत्स्येषु चैव ह । ववर्ष शरवर्षाणि कुरुवृद्ध: पितामह:,पाण्डवपक्षकी ओरसे सुभद्राकुमार अभिमन्यु, भीमसेन, महारथी सात्यकि, केकयराजकुमार, राजा विराट तथा ट्रुपदपुत्र धृष्टद्यम्न--ये पुरुषसिंह और चेदि एवं मत्स्यदेशके क्षत्रिय युद्ध कर रहे थे। कुरुकुलके वृद्ध पुरुष पितामह भीष्मने इन सबपर बाणोंकी वर्षा प्रारम्भ कर दी

sañjaya uvāca |

kaikeye ca virāṭe ca dhṛṣṭadyumne ca pārṣate |

eteṣu narasiṃheṣu cedimatsyeṣu caiva ha |

vavarṣa śaravarṣāṇi kuruvṛddhaḥ pitāmahaḥ ||

Sañjaya dit : Parmi ces guerriers pareils à des lions — les princes de Kekaya, le roi Virāṭa, Dhṛṣṭadyumna fils de Pṛṣata (Drupada), ainsi que les combattants de Cedi et de Matsya — Bhīṣma, l’aïeul âgé des Kurus, se mit à faire pleuvoir des averses de flèches. La scène souligne l’élan implacable de la guerre : même les anciens vénérés, liés par l’allégeance choisie et le devoir kṣatriya, déchaînent une force meurtrière contre les champions illustres du camp adverse.

कैकेयेin/among the Kaikeyas
कैकेये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकैकेय
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विराटेin/at Virāṭa
विराटे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootविराट
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धृष्टद्युम्नेin/at Dhṛṣṭadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्ने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पार्षतेin/at the son of Pārṣata (Drupada)
पार्षते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्षत
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
एतेषुamong these
एतेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
नरसिंहेषुamong the lion-like men
नरसिंहेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनरसिंह
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
चेदिमत्स्येषुamong the Cedis and Matsyas
चेदिमत्स्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचेदि-मत्स्य
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
indeed (particle)
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ववर्षrained down/showered
ववर्ष:
TypeVerb
Rootवृष्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
शरवर्षाणिshowers of arrows
शरवर्षाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशरवर्ष
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
कुरुवृद्धःthe elder of the Kurus
कुरुवृद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकुरुवृद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पितामहःthe grandsire
पितामहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kekaya (Kaikeya) warriors/princes
V
Virāṭa
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
P
Pārṣata (epithet of Dhṛṣṭadyumna)
C
Cedi warriors
M
Matsya warriors
B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)
K
Kuru dynasty

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tension between reverence and duty: Bhīṣma, though an elder worthy of honor, acts according to his pledged allegiance and kṣatriya obligation in war. It points to the Mahābhārata’s ethical complexity—dharma in conflict can compel even the noblest figures to participate in destructive action.

Sañjaya reports that Bhīṣma begins a fierce assault, showering arrows upon prominent Pāṇḍava-aligned warriors and allied contingents—Kekaya fighters, King Virāṭa, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, and the Cedi and Matsya troops—intensifying the battle’s pressure on that front.