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Shloka 10

Śrāddha-dvija-parīkṣā: Paṅkti-dūṣa and Paṅkti-pāvana (श्राद्धे द्विजपरीक्षा—पङ्क्तिदूष-पङ्क्तिपावन)

प्रतिपदा तिथिको पितरोंकी पूजा करनेसे मनुष्य अपने उत्तम गृहमें मनके अनुरूप सुन्दर एवं बहुसंख्यक संतानोंको जन्म देनेवाली दर्शनीय भार्या प्राप्त करता है ।।

pratipadā-tithau pitr̥-pūjāṁ kṛtvā manuṣyaḥ svottame gṛhe manānurūpāṁ sundarīṁ bahu-santāna-prasavāṁ darśanīyāṁ bhāryāṁ prāpnoti. striyo dvitīyāyāṁ jāyante, tṛtīyāyāṁ tu vājinaḥ; caturthyāṁ kṣudra-paśavo bhavanti bahavo gṛhe.

Bhīṣma dit : «Si un homme honore les Pitṛs au jour lunaire de Pratipadā, il obtient dans son foyer prospère une épouse belle et agréable, selon le vœu de son cœur, et féconde en nombreux enfants. Lorsque le rite ancestral est accompli à Dvitīyā, des filles naissent ; à Tṛtīyā, on obtient des chevaux ; et si l’on honore les Pitṛs à Caturthī, de nombreux petits animaux domestiques se multiplient dans la maison.»

स्त्रियःwomen
स्त्रियः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
द्वितीयाम्on the second (tithi)
द्वितीयाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वितीया
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
जायन्तेare born
जायन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootजन् (जायते)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada, Kartari
तृतीयायाम्on the third (tithi)
तृतीयायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतृतीया
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वाजिनःhorses
वाजिनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवाजिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
चतुर्थ्याम्on the fourth (tithi)
चतुर्थ्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootचतुर्थी
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
क्षुद्रपशवःsmall animals (minor livestock)
क्षुद्रपशवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुद्रपशु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भवन्तिcome to be / arise
भवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada, Kartari
बहवःmany
बहवः:
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गृहेin the house
गृहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
P
Pratipadā (tithi)
D
Dvitīyā (tithi)
T
Tṛtīyā (tithi)
C
Caturthī (tithi)
H
horses (vājinaḥ)
S
small domestic animals (kṣudra-paśavaḥ)
W
wife (bhāryā)
D
daughters (striyaḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that honoring the ancestors (Pitṛs) through śrāddha/pūjā on specific lunar days is a dharmic act believed to yield distinct household-oriented fruits—marital harmony and progeny, or material supports like horses and livestock—thus linking ritual duty to social and domestic well-being.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma, including rites for the ancestors. Here he enumerates the reputed results of performing Pitṛ-worship on particular tithis (Pratipadā through Caturthī), presenting a calendrical guide to śrāddha observance and its expected outcomes.