Shloka 39
गोप्रदानगुणाः तथा कपिलागोविधानम्
Merits of Cow-Gift and the Origin-Account of Kapilā Cows
स्वाध्यायाब्यं शुद्धयोनिं प्रशान्तं वैतानस्थं पापभीरुं बहुज्ञम् | गोषु क्षान्तं नातितीक्ष्णं शरण्यं वृत्तिग्लानं तादृशं पात्रमाहु:
svādhyāyāḍhyaṃ śuddhayoniṃ praśāntaṃ vaitānasthaṃ pāpabhīruṃ bahujñam | goṣu kṣāntaṃ nātitīkṣṇaṃ śaraṇyaṃ vṛttiglannaṃ tādṛśaṃ pātram āhuḥ ||
Bhīṣma dit : « Ils déclarent comme récipiendaire convenable (pour le don de vaches) ce brāhmane riche en étude védique, né d’une lignée pure, au caractère paisible, voué à la tradition sacrificielle védique, craignant le péché et largement instruit ; patient et doux envers les vaches, non dur de nature, capable de leur offrir refuge et protection, et lassé (ou non enlacé) par les moyens de subsistance mondains. Un tel homme est appelé le vase digne du go-dāna. »
पितामह उवाच
Educational Q&A
A gift becomes ethically fruitful when given to a worthy recipient. For go-dāna, Bhīṣma defines the ideal recipient as a learned, self-controlled, sin-fearing brāhmaṇa devoted to Vedic practice, gentle toward cows, protective, and not motivated by livelihood or gain.
In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction on gifts and duties, Bhīṣma advises (as an elder teacher) about the proper qualifications of a brāhmaṇa who should receive the gift of cows, emphasizing learning, character, and compassionate protection.