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Shloka 35

Nṛga-upākhyāna: Brāhmaṇa-sva and the Consequence of Misappropriated Gift-Cattle (कृकलास-रूपे नृगोपाख्यानम्)

अटवीपर्वताश्रैव नद्यस्तीर्थानि यानि च

aṭavī-parvatāś caiva nadyas tīrthāni yāni ca

Bhīṣma dit : « Les forêts et les montagnes, de même que les rivières et les gués sacrés (tīrtha) qui s’y trouvent, ne relèvent d’aucun propriétaire privé unique ; on les tient pour communs à tous. Aussi, lorsqu’on accomplit le śrāddha en de tels lieux, il n’est pas besoin d’acheter de terre. Ô seigneur des peuples, ainsi a été exposé le fruit du don de terre. »

अटवीforest (wilderness)
अटवी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअटवी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पर्वताःmountains
पर्वताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नद्यःrivers
नद्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तीर्थानिsacred fords/pilgrimage places
तीर्थानि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतीर्थ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
यानिwhich
यानि:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
P
Prājānātha (addressed ruler, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)
A
aṭavī (forest)
P
parvata (mountain)
N
nadī (river)
T
tīrtha (sacred place/ford)
Ś
śrāddha (ancestral rite)
B
bhūmi-dāna (gift of land)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that certain natural and sacred spaces—forests, mountains, rivers, and tīrthas—are not private property; hence one need not buy land to perform śrāddha there. The point supports dharmic giving and correct ritual conduct without unnecessary acquisition.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhishma continues instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma, especially gifts and rites. Here he clarifies where śrāddha may be performed and links it to the discussion of the merit (phala) of land-gift (bhūmi-dāna).