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Shloka 42

Cyavana’s Water-Vow and the Ethics of Cohabitation (स्नेह-सम्वास-धर्मः)

ब्राह्मणा हि महाभागा देवानामपि देवता: । तेषु राजन्‌ प्रवर्तेत पूजया विधिपूर्वकम्‌,राजन! महाभाग! ब्राह्मण देवताओंके भी देवता हैं; अतः उनका विधिपूर्वक पूजन- आदर-सत्कार करते हुए ही उनके साथ बर्ताव करे

brāhmaṇā hi mahābhāgā devānām api devatāḥ | teṣu rājan pravarteta pūjayā vidhipūrvakam ||

Bhīṣma dit : «Ô roi, les brahmanes—véritablement fortunés et vénérables—sont tenus pour des divinités, même aux yeux des dieux. Aussi, ô souverain, que ta conduite envers eux soit guidée par un culte accompli selon la règle (vidhi) : honore-les, sers-les, et ne traite avec eux qu’avec la révérence due.»

ब्राह्मणाःBrahmins
ब्राह्मणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
महाभागाःhighly fortunate/noble
महाभागाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमहाभाग
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
देवानाम्of the gods
देवानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
देवताःdivinities/deities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तेषुamong them/in them
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
प्रवर्तेतshould conduct himself/should behave
प्रवर्तेत:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र√वृत्
FormVidhi-ling, Optative (injunctive sense: should act/behave), Third, Singular, Atmanepada
पूजयाby worship/with honor
पूजया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपूजा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
विधि-पूर्वकम्according to rule/with due procedure
विधि-पूर्वकम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिपूर्वक

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
King (Yudhiṣṭhira, addressed as rājan)
B
Brāhmaṇas
D
Devas (gods)

Educational Q&A

A king’s dharma includes treating Brahmins with the highest reverence—approaching them with disciplined, rule-guided honor (pūjā done vidhipūrvakam), not casual or self-serving behavior.

In the Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on ethical governance and proper conduct. Here he emphasizes that Brahmins are to be regarded as supremely venerable, so the king should interact with them through formal respect, service, and prescribed etiquette.