Sāma (Sāntva) and Dāna: The Brāhmaṇa’s Conciliatory Release from a Rākṣasa
अन्ध॑ स्यात् तम एवेदं न प्रज्ञायेत किंचन । चातुर्वर्ण्य न वर्तेत धर्माधमावृतानृते
andhaḥ syāt tam evedaṁ na prajñāyet kiñcana | cāturvarṇyaṁ na varteta dharmādharmāvṛtānṛte ||
Maitreya dit : «Sans les brahmanes, le monde entier deviendrait aveugle, recouvert des ténèbres de l’ignorance. Nul ne discernerait quoi que ce soit ; et l’ordre des quatre varṇa ne fonctionnerait plus ; de même, les distinctions mêmes entre dharma et adharma, entre vérité et mensonge, seraient voilées et perdues.»
मैत्रेय उवाच
The verse asserts that learned custodians of sacred knowledge and ethical instruction (here, Brahmins) are essential for preserving discernment (prajñā), sustaining the functioning of cāturvarṇya as an ordered society, and keeping clear moral and epistemic distinctions—dharma vs. adharma and truth vs. falsehood.
Maitreya is speaking within Anuśāsana Parva’s didactic setting, emphasizing the societal and moral consequences of the absence of Brahmins: ignorance spreads, social roles collapse, and moral categories become obscured.