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Shloka 15

Ahiṃsā as Threefold Restraint (Mind–Speech–Action) and the Ethics of Consumption

तस्माद्‌ धर्म: सहायश्न सेवितव्य: सदा नृभि: । वे कुटुम्बीजन तो उसके शरीरका परित्याग करके चले जाते हैं, किंतु एकमात्र धर्म ही उस जीवात्माका अनुसरण करता है; इसलिये धर्म ही सच्चा सहायक है। अतः मनुष्योंको सदा धर्मका ही सेवन करना चाहिये ।।

tasmād dharmaḥ sahāyaś ca sevitavyaḥ sadā nṛbhiḥ | prāṇī dharmasamāyukto gacchet svargagatiṁ parām ||

Ainsi, pour les hommes, le Dharma seul doit être cultivé sans cesse, car le Dharma est le véritable compagnon et le véritable secours. Les parents et les gens de la maison abandonnent le corps et s’en vont, mais le Dharma seul suit le soi; c’est pourquoi il faut pratiquer le Dharma continuellement. L’être vivant, uni au Dharma, atteint la voie suprême vers le ciel.

तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहायःhelper, companion
सहायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सेवितव्यःshould be practiced/served
सेवितव्यः:
TypeVerb
Rootसेव्
FormGerundive (तव्यत्), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, obligative/passive sense
सदाalways
सदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
नृभिःby men / by humans
नृभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनृ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
प्राणीa living being
प्राणी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मसमायुक्तःendowed/connected with dharma
धर्मसमायुक्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्म-समायुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past participle (क्त) used adjectivally
गच्छेत्may go / should go
गच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormVidhi-linga (optative), Present-system, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
स्वर्गगतिम्the path/attainment of heaven
स्वर्गगतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वर्ग-गति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पराम्supreme, highest
पराम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Dharma
S
Svarga

Educational Q&A

Dharma is the only reliable companion of a person: family and social ties end with the body, but one’s righteous conduct accompanies the self and shapes one’s destiny; therefore Dharma should be practiced continually.

Yudhiṣṭhira is speaking in a didactic context, drawing an ethical conclusion about human life and death: worldly relations fall away at death, while Dharma alone ‘follows’ the individual, leading the righteous toward the highest heavenly course.