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Shloka 145

ज्येष्ठ-कनिष्ठ-धर्मः — Duties of Elders and Juniors

Anuśāsana-parva 108

नरश्रेष्ठ) माता-पिता और गुरुजनोंकी आज्ञाका अविलम्ब पालन करना चाहिये। इनकी आज्ञा हितकर है या अहितकर, इसका विचार नहीं करना चाहिये ।।

bhīṣma uvāca | narāśreṣṭha, mātā-pitarau ca gurujanānāṃ ca ājñāyā avilambaṃ pālanaṃ kartavyam | eṣām ājñā hitakarī vā ahitakarī veti vicāro na kartavyaḥ || dhanurvede ca vede ca yatnaḥ kāryo narādhipa | hastipṛṣṭhe aśvapṛṣṭhe ca rathacaryāsu caiva ha || nareśvara, kṣatriyeṇa dhanurveda-vedādhyayanayoḥ kṛte yatnaḥ kartavyaḥ | rājendra, tvaṃ hastyaśva-vāhana-kalāyāṃ ratha-hākanāyāṃ ca nipuṇatāṃ prāptuṃ prayatnasva; yataḥ yatnavān puruṣaḥ sukhena unnatiśīlo bhavati, sa śatrūṇāṃ svajanānāṃ bhṛtyānāṃ ca durdharṣo bhavati ||

Bhishma dit : «Ô meilleur des hommes, il faut obéir sans délai aux ordres de la mère, du père et des aînés/maîtres. On ne doit pas juger si leur commandement est utile ou nuisible. Et toi, seigneur des hommes, qu’un kshatriya s’applique au Dhanurveda (science de l’arc et des armes) ainsi qu’à l’étude des Veda. Ô roi, efforce-toi d’acquérir la maîtrise de la monte des éléphants et des chevaux, et l’art de mener le char; car l’homme d’effort constant s’élève dans la prospérité, et devient redoutable—pour les ennemis, pour les siens, et même pour ses serviteurs.»

धनुर्वेदेin the science of archery
धनुर्वेदे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootधनुर्वेद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वेदेin the Veda
वेदे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवेद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
यत्नःeffort
यत्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयत्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कार्यःto be done / should be made
कार्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृ (करणे)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नराधिपO king (lord of men)
नराधिप:
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
हस्तिपृष्ठेon an elephant's back
हस्तिपृष्ठे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootहस्तिपृष्ठ
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अश्वपृष्ठेon a horse's back
अश्वपृष्ठे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअश्वपृष्ठ
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रथचर्यासुin chariot-driving practices
रथचर्यासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरथचर्या
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
हिfor / because
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
M
mother (mātā)
F
father (pitā)
E
elders/teachers (gurujana)
K
kshatriya
D
Dhanurveda
V
Veda
E
elephant
H
horse
C
chariot

Educational Q&A

Immediate obedience to parents and revered elders is presented as a foundational duty, and for a kshatriya, disciplined effort in both sacred learning (Vedic study) and practical martial skills (archery, riding, chariot-driving) is essential; sustained effort leads to prosperity and formidable capability.

Bhishma, in his role as moral instructor, is giving prescriptive counsel on conduct and training: he urges prompt compliance with parental/elder authority and outlines the educational and military disciplines a king or kshatriya should cultivate to become effective and respected.