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Kurma Purana — Purva Bhaga, Shloka 40

Solar Rays, Planetary Nourishment, Dhruva-Bondage of the Grahas, and the Lunar Cycle

बृहस्पतेरथाष्टाश्वः स्यन्दनो हेमनिर्मितः / रथस्तमोमयो ऽष्टाश्वो मन्दस्यायसनिर्मितः / स्वर्भानोर्भास्करारेश्च तथा षड्भिर्हयैर्वृतः

bṛhaspaterathāṣṭāśvaḥ syandano hemanirmitaḥ / rathastamomayo 'ṣṭāśvo mandasyāyasanirmitaḥ / svarbhānorbhāskarāreśca tathā ṣaḍbhirhayairvṛtaḥ

Le char de Bṛhaspati est attelé de huit chevaux et son véhicule est façonné d’or. Manda/Śani, au mouvement lent, possède un char à huit chevaux, forgé de fer et de nature ténébreuse. Svarbhānu (Rāhu), ennemi du Soleil, est lui aussi accompagné de six chevaux.

bṛhaspateḥof Bṛhaspati (Jupiter)
bṛhaspateḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootbṛhaspati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
ratha-aṣṭāśvaḥ(the) eight-horsed (chariot)
ratha-aṣṭāśvaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition to syandanaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootratha + aṣṭa + aśva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि: 'whose horses are eight' (a chariot with eight horses)
syandanaḥchariot
syandanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsyandana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
hema-nirmitaḥmade of gold
hema-nirmitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of syandanaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Roothema + nirmita (प्रातिपदिक; nirmita from √mā (मा धातु) with nis-)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) used adjectivally; समास: hema + nirmita = 'made of gold'
rathaḥchariot
rathaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/subject)
TypeNoun
Rootratha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
tamo-mayaḥmade of darkness
tamo-mayaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of rathaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Roottamas + maya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); समास: tamas + maya = 'consisting of darkness'
aṣṭāśvaḥeight-horsed
aṣṭāśvaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of rathaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootaṣṭa + aśva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि: 'having eight horses'
mandasyaof Manda (Saturn)
mandasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootmanda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
āyasa-nirmitaḥmade of iron
āyasa-nirmitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण of rathaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootāyasa + nirmita (प्रातिपदिक; nirmita from √mā (मा धातु) with nis-)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) used adjectivally; समास: āyasa + nirmita = 'made of iron'
svarbhānoḥof Svarbhānu (Rāhu)
svarbhānoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
TypeNoun
Rootsvarbhānu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)
bhāskara-areḥof the Sun's enemy
bhāskara-areḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/appositional genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootbhāskara + ari (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन); समास: bhāskara + ari = 'enemy of the Sun' (i.e., Rāhu)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/linker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय)
tathālikewise/so
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (प्रकारवाचक अव्यय)
ṣaḍbhiḥby six
ṣaḍbhiḥ:
Karana (करण/instrument)
TypeAdjective
Rootṣaṣ (प्रातिपदिक)
Form(Numeral) Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
hayaiḥwith horses
hayaiḥ:
Karana (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Roothaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
vṛtaḥsurrounded
vṛtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; predicate—'is surrounded')
TypeVerb
Rootvṛ (वृञ् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (कृत/क्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

Sūta (traditional Purāṇic narrator) describing cosmology to the sages

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

B
Bṛhaspati (Jupiter)
M
Manda/Śani (Saturn)
S
Svarbhānu (Rāhu)
B
Bhāskara (Sun)

FAQs

Indirectly: by mapping the ordered movements and forms of the grahas, the verse supports the Purāṇic view that the cosmos functions under a higher, unifying governance—pointing the contemplative mind from changing planetary forms to the changeless Self that witnesses all change.

No explicit technique is taught in this verse, but such cosmological catalogues traditionally serve dhyāna and upāsanā: the practitioner steadies attention on cosmic order (ṛta/dharma), using the grahas’ forms as supports for concentration before turning inward toward īśvara-bhakti and self-knowledge.

The verse is cosmological rather than sectarian, reflecting the Kurma Purana’s integrative stance: planetary deities and cosmic forces operate within one sacred order upheld by the Supreme—reconciling Shaiva and Vaishnava devotion within a single dharmic cosmos.