Shloka 2

Kula-amṛta: Śiva’s Teaching to Nārada on Viṣṇu-Dhyāna and Mokṣa

Devanagari script

नारद उवाच / यः संकारे सदा द्वन्द्वैः कामक्रोधैः शुभाशुभैः / शब्दादिविषयैर्बद्धः पीड्यमानः स दुर्मतिः

Transliteration

nārada uvāca / yaḥ saṃkāre sadā dvandvaiḥ kāmakrodhaiḥ śubhāśubhaiḥ / śabdādiviṣayairbaddhaḥ pīḍyamānaḥ sa durmatiḥ

Translation

Nārada dit : Celui qui, dans le cycle du saṁsāra, demeure sans cesse pris dans les paires d’opposés—désir et colère, favorable et défavorable—et se trouve lié aux objets des sens, tels le son et autres, étant continuellement tourmenté, a l’intelligence égarée.

Word by Word

• नारदः: Nārada
• नारदः: Karta (Speaker/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नारद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Kriya (Main verb/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect), परस्मैपदी, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• यः: who
• यः: Karta (Relative subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बन्धे ‘who’

• संकारे: in the turmoil/conflict
• संकारे: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: संकार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• सदा: always
• सदा: Sambandha (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक अव्यय (adverb of time)

• द्वन्द्वैः: by pairs of opposites
• द्वन्द्वैः: Karana (Instrument/means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वन्द्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन

• कामक्रोधैः: by desire and anger
• कामक्रोधैः: Karana (Instrument/means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काम + क्रोध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; समासः—इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (कामश्च क्रोधश्च)

• शुभाशुभैः: by good and bad (things)
• शुभाशुभैः: Karana (Instrument/means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शुभ + अशुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; समासः—द्वन्द्व (शुभं च अशुभं च)

• शब्दादिविषयैः: by sense-objects such as sound
• शब्दादिविषयैः: Karana (Instrument/means/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शब्द + आदि + विषय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (शब्दादयः विषयाः)

• बद्धः: bound
• बद्धः: Karta (Subject in passive/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: बन्ध् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: कृदन्त—क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अर्थः—‘bound’

• पीड्यमानः: being afflicted
• पीड्यमानः: Karta (Subject in passive/कर्ता)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पीड् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि शानच् (present passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अर्थः—‘being tormented’

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (Correlative subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• दुर्मतिः: (is) of evil understanding; foolish
• दुर्मतिः: Karta (Predicate nominative/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर् + मति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; समासः—उपपद-तत्पुरुष (दुष्टा मतिः)

Speaker

Narada

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Saṁsāra is sustained by dvandvas (pairs of opposites), kāma-krodha, and viṣaya-bandhana; delusion (durmati) perpetuates suffering.

Vedantic Theme: Avidyā-driven identification with viṣayas; need for vairāgya and viveka to loosen bondage.

Application: Observe triggers of desire/anger; practice sense-restraint, mindful speech/hearing, and daily reflection on impermanence to reduce reactivity.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Geographic Context

Type: dialogue setting (sage-to-deity)

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.232.3 (request for the teaching that grants release)

Characters & Entities

• Narada

FAQs

What is the importance of controlling kāma and krodha in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames desire and anger as core bonds that keep a person trapped in dvandvas and sense-objects, producing ongoing affliction; mastering them is presented as essential for right discernment and spiritual progress.

How does this verse explain the soul’s path in relation to samsara?

It describes the samsaric condition as repeated entanglement in opposites and sensory cravings; such bondage leads to mental suffering and poor judgment, which obstructs the soul’s movement toward higher states and liberation.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Reduce compulsive sense-indulgence, watch desire/anger triggers, and cultivate steady discrimination (viveka) so choices are guided by dharma rather than by pleasant–unpleasant reactions.