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Shloka 47

Nīti on Friendship (Mitra), Discretion, Restraint, Health-Regimens, Prosperity (Śrī), and Family Dharma

Devanagari script

न विश्वसेदविश्वस्तं विश्वस्तं विश्वस्तं नातिविश्वसेत् / विश्वासाद्भयमुत्पन्नं मूलादपि निकृन्तति

Transliteration

na viśvasedaviśvastaṃ viśvastaṃ viśvastaṃ nātiviśvaset / viśvāsādbhayamutpannaṃ mūlādapi nikṛntati

Translation

Ne te fie pas de l’indigne de confiance; et même de celui qui paraît digne de foi, ne te fie pas outre mesure. Car la crainte née d’une confiance mal placée peut trancher jusqu’à la racine même.

Word by Word
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
विश्वसेत्should trust
विश्वसेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + श्वस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
अविश्वस्तम्an untrustworthy person
अविश्वस्तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ- (निषेध) + विश्वस्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्ताधारित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; ‘(तम्)’ इति कर्मपदम् (अविश्वस्तं जनम्)
विश्वस्तम्a trusted person
विश्वस्तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्वस्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्ताधारित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; कर्मपदम् (विश्वस्तं जनम्)
विश्वस्तम्(even) a trusted one
विश्वस्तम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्वस्त (प्रातिपदिक; कृदन्ताधारित)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; पुनरुक्ति (emphasis)
नnot
न:
Pratiṣedha (Negation/निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेध-अव्यय (negation particle)
अतिtoo much
अति:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial/क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (अव्यय)
Formउपसर्ग/अव्यय (prefix/adverb) ‘excessively’
विश्वसेत्should trust
विश्वसेत्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि + श्वस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative/विधिलिङ्), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
विश्वासात्from trust
विश्वासात्:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootविश्वास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन
भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootभय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
उत्पन्नम्arisen
उत्पन्नम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत् + पद् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त—क्त (past passive participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; ‘भयम्’ इति विशेषणम्
मूलात्from the root
मूलात्:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootमूल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/पञ्चमी), एकवचन
अपिeven
अपि:
Sambandha/Emphasis (Particle/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसम्भावना/समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय (particle: ‘even/also’)
निकृन्ततिcuts off
निकृन्तति:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनि + कृन्त् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present/वर्तमान), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ati-viśvāsa (excessive trust) is dangerous; fear and harm arise from misplaced reliance and can destroy one’s foundation.

Vedantic Theme: Pramāda and avidyā-driven projection cause suffering; cultivate viveka (discrimination) and aparigraha-like caution in attachments.

Application: Verify before relying; set boundaries; avoid over-sharing; maintain contingency plans; in spiritual life, avoid complacency about one’s own steadiness.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: general social sphere

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.114 (sequence of trust/caution verses 46–48)

FAQs

This verse emphasizes dharmic discernment: trust should be guided by wisdom, because careless reliance can become the very cause of danger and downfall.

Indirectly, it supports the Purana’s broader ethic that one should live with vigilance and right judgment, reducing actions that lead to fear, suffering, and adverse karmic outcomes.

Avoid blind faith—verify intentions, set boundaries, and practice measured trust so that personal, financial, and spiritual life are not harmed by deception or overconfidence.

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