Shloka 3
Yuga-Vibhāga and Kāla-Pramāṇa
Measures of Time and the Four Yugas
Devanagari script
संख्ययेह प्रसंख्याय विस्तराच्चैव सर्वशः / युगं च युगभेदश्च युगधर्मस्तथैव च
Transliteration
saṃkhyayeha prasaṃkhyāya vistarāccaiva sarvaśaḥ / yugaṃ ca yugabhedaśca yugadharmastathaiva ca
Translation
Ici, selon la mesure des nombres et avec un ample développement, j’exposerai en tout détail le yuga, ses distinctions et le dharma de chaque yuga.
Word by Word
saṃkhyayāby enumeration; by counting
saṃkhyayā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṃkhyā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
ihahere; in this context
iha:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiha (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable), देशवाचक-अव्यय (locative adverb)
prasaṃkhyāyahaving enumerated
prasaṃkhyāya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-saṃ-khyā (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), परस्मैपद-प्रयोग (active usage), ‘having fully counted/enumerated’
vistarātin detail; from elaboration
vistarāt:
Hetu/Apādāna (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootvistara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (Ablative/5th), एकवचन (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)
evaindeed; just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधारणार्थक (emphatic particle)
sarvaśaḥin every way; wholly
sarvaśaḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsarvaśas (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकारवाचक (adverb of manner)
yugaman age (yuga)
yugam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)
yuga-bhedaḥthe division/types of yugas
yuga-bhedaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक) + bheda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: ‘of yuga’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)
yuga-dharmaḥthe duties/characteristics of a yuga
yuga-dharmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyuga (प्रातिपदिक) + dharma (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (genitive determinative: ‘of yuga’), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
tathāthus; likewise
tathā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, प्रकारवाचक (adverb: ‘thus/so’)
evaindeed; also
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, अवधारणार्थक (emphatic particle)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक (conjunction)