Shloka 28
Vasiṣṭha-gamana
Vasiṣṭha’s Departure / The Episode of Sagara
Devanagari script
युष्माभिर्यस्य राज्यं बहुभिरपत्दृतं तस्य पुत्रो ऽधुनाहं हन्तुं वः सप्रतिज्ञं प्रसभमुपगतो वैरनिर्यातनैषी / इत्युच्चैः श्रावयाणो युधि निजचरितं वैरिभिर्नागवीर्यः क्षत्रैर्विध्वंसितेजाः सगरनरपतिः स्मारयामास भूपः
Transliteration
yuṣmābhiryasya rājyaṃ bahubhirapatdṛtaṃ tasya putro 'dhunāhaṃ hantuṃ vaḥ sapratijñaṃ prasabhamupagato vairaniryātanaiṣī / ityuccaiḥ śrāvayāṇo yudhi nijacaritaṃ vairibhirnāgavīryaḥ kṣatrairvidhvaṃsitejāḥ sagaranarapatiḥ smārayāmāsa bhūpaḥ
Translation
'Je suis le fils de celui dont le royaume a été usurpé par beaucoup d'entre vous. Je suis venu maintenant pour vous tuer, lié par un vœu.' Proclamant cela à haute voix dans la bataille, le roi Sagara rappela son histoire à ses ennemis.
Word by Word
yuṣmābhiḥby you (all)
yuṣmābhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; 2nd person pronoun
yasyawhose
yasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; relative pronoun
rājyamkingdom
rājyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrājya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative (1st/2nd), Singular; here Accusative as object of apadṛtam (taken away)
bahubhiḥby many
bahubhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootbahu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; agrees with implied ‘people’ (जनैः)
apat-dṛtamtaken away, removed
apat-dṛtam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootapa-√dṛ (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
FormPast participle (क्त), Neuter, Accusative, Singular; ‘driven away/removed’ (text reads apatdṛtaṃ)
tasyaof him
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular
putraḥson
putraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootputra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
adhunānow
adhunā:
Kāla (काल)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootadhunā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), temporal adverb (कालवाचक)
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; 1st person pronoun
hantumto kill
hantum:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeVerb
Roothan (धातु)
FormTumun infinitive (तुमुन्), ‘to kill’
vaḥyou (all)
vaḥ:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; enclitic pronoun
sa-pratijñamwith a vow
sa-pratijñam:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeAdjective
Rootsa (उपसर्ग/सह) + pratijñā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; उपपद-तत्पुरुष: ‘with a vow/pledge’ (qualifying the act/resolve)
prasabhamforcibly
prasabham:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootprasabham (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb of manner
upagataḥhaving come/undertaken
upagataḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-√gam (धातु)
FormPast participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; used predicatively ‘having approached/undertaken’
vaira-niryātana-aiṣīseeking vengeance/settlement of enmity
vaira-niryātana-aiṣī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvaira (प्रातिपदिक) + niryātana (प्रातिपदिक) + eṣin (इष्-धातु से णिनि/इषिन्, कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष: ‘seeking (aiṣī) the expiation/settlement (niryātana) of enmity (vaira)’
itithus
iti:
Vākyārtha-marker (उद्धरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, quotative particle (इति-निपात)
uccaiḥaloud
uccaiḥ:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootuccais (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb
śrāvayāṇaḥproclaiming
śrāvayāṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√śru (धातु) causative √śrāvay (णिच्)
FormPresent active participle (शानच्) of causative, Masculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘causing to hear/proclaiming’
yudhiin battle
yudhi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootyudh (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular
nija-caritamhis own exploit
nija-caritam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnija (प्रातिपदिक) + carita (चर्-धातु से क्त, कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; कर्मधारय/तत्पुरुष: ‘one’s own deed/act’
vairibhiḥby enemies
vairibhiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootvairin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural
nāga-vīryaḥelephant-strong
nāga-vīryaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootnāga (प्रातिपदिक) + vīrya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; उपमान-तत्पुरुष: ‘having strength like an elephant’
kṣatraiḥby kṣatriyas/warriors
kṣatraiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural; here ‘kṣatriyas/warriors’ by extension
vidhvaṃsita-tejāḥwith splendor destroyed
vidhvaṃsita-tejāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootvi-√dhvaṃs (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त) + tejas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; बहुव्रीहि: ‘whose splendor (tejas) has been destroyed (vidhvaṃsita)’
sagara-nara-patiḥKing Sagara
sagara-nara-patiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootsagara (प्रातिपदिक) + nara + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष: ‘king (pati) of men (nara), (named) Sagara’
smārayāmāsareminded
smārayāmāsa:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsmṛ (धातु) causative (णिच्) स्मारय्
FormLiṭ (लिट्, Perfect), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular; causative sense ‘made (them) remember/reminded’
bhūpaḥthe king
bhūpaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; apposition to sagaranarapatiḥ