Shloka 41
Bhārgava Rāma at Māhiṣmatī: Narmadā-stuti and the Challenge to Kārttavīryārjuna
Devanagari script
यथा गजेन्द्रो मदयुक्समन्ततो नालं वनं भर्द्दयति प्रधावन् / तथैव रामो ऽपि मनोनिलौजा विमर्द्दयामास नृपस्य सेनाम्
Transliteration
yathā gajendro madayuksamantato nālaṃ vanaṃ bharddayati pradhāvan / tathaiva rāmo 'pi manonilaujā vimarddayāmāsa nṛpasya senām
Translation
Tel un roi des éléphants, ivre de rut, qui en courant écrase de toutes parts la forêt de roseaux, ainsi Rāma, impétueux comme le vent de l’esprit, broya l’armée du roi.
Word by Word
yathājust as
yathā:
Upamāna-upameya-sambandha (उपमा-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormComparative/relative particle (यथार्थे अव्यय) introducing simile
gaja-indraḥthe lord of elephants
gaja-indraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of ‘bharddayati’)
TypeNoun
Rootgaja (प्रातिपदिक) + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी) ‘lord of elephants’; Masculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
mada-yukin rut/intoxicated
mada-yuk:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmada (प्रातिपदिक) + yuk (√yuj धातु, क्त/क्विप्-प्रत्ययान्त)
FormTatpuruṣa ‘joined with rut/intoxication’; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifying ‘gajendraḥ’
samantataḥon all sides
samantataḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsamantataḥ (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (परितः-अर्थे अव्यय)
nanot
na:
Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormNegation particle (निषेधक अव्यय)
alamable/sufficient
alam:
Sāmarthya (सामर्थ्य/Ability marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootalam (अव्यय)
FormParticle meaning ‘sufficient/able’ (समर्थ्यवाचक अव्यय)
vanamforest
vanam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of ‘bharddayati’)
TypeNoun
Rootvana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
bharddayaticrushes/tramples
bharddayati:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootbhard (धातु; variant of mṛd/ard ‘to crush’ in epic usage)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); Parasmaipada
pradhāvanrunning forth
pradhāvan:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Concurrent action)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√dhāv (धातु) + śatṛ (शतृ)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifying ‘gajendraḥ’
tathāso/thus
tathā:
Upameya-link (उपमेय-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormCorrelative adverb (तथार्थे अव्यय)
evaindeed
eva:
Avadhāraṇa (अवधारण/Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (अवधारण अव्यय)
rāmaḥRama
rāmaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject of ‘vimarddayāmāsa’)
TypeNoun
Rootrāma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st), Singular
apialso
api:
Samuccaya (समुच्चय/Also)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (सम्भावना/समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय)
mano-anila-ojāḥhaving the force/swiftness of mind and wind
mano-anila-ojāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmanas (प्रातिपदिक) + anila (प्रातिपदिक) + ojas (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi ‘whose speed/force is like mind and wind’; Masculine, Nominative, Singular; qualifying ‘rāmaḥ’
vimarddayāmāsacrushed/ground down
vimarddayāmāsa:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootmṛd (धातु) + vi-
FormPeriphrastic perfect (लिट्/परस्मैपद; आमास-योग), 3rd person, Singular
nṛpasyaof the king
nṛpasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th), Singular
senāmarmy
senām:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootsenā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd), Singular