Shloka 23
Aśauca-vidhi (Rules of Impurity) within Śrāddha-kalpa — Chapter on Testing/Selecting Brahmanas and Honoring the Atithi
Devanagari script
समोदं भोजयेद्विप्रानेकपङ्क्त्यां तु यो नरः / नियुक्तो ह्यनि युक्तो वा पङ्क्त्या हरति किल्बिषम्
Transliteration
samodaṃ bhojayedviprānekapaṅktyāṃ tu yo naraḥ / niyukto hyani yukto vā paṅktyā harati kilbiṣam
Translation
Celui qui nourrit avec joie les vipra en de nombreuses rangées, qu’il y soit mandaté ou non, par ce repas en rangs emporte la faute.
Word by Word
sa-modamjoyfully
sa-modam:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsa (उपसर्ग/सह) + moda (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyayībhāva used adverbially; accusative-form adverb ‘with joy/pleasantly’
bhojayetshould feed
bhojayet:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhuj (धातु; causative bhojaya)
FormOptative (विधिलिङ्), 3rd Person, Singular, Parasmaipada; causative ‘should feed’
viprānBrahmins
viprān:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural
eka-paṅktyāmin a single dining row
eka-paṅktyām:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक) + paṅkti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular; tatpuruṣa: ‘one row/one line (of diners)’
tubut/indeed
tu:
Sambandha (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormConjunction/particle (विरोध/अन्वय)
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; relative pronoun
naraḥman
naraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; apposition to yaḥ)
TypeNoun
Rootnara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
niyuktaḥappointed
niyuktaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootni-yukta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; √yuj ‘युज्’ with ni-)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; past participle ‘appointed/assigned’
hiindeed/for
hi:
Sambandha/Emphasis
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormCausal/emphatic particle (निपात)
a-niyuktaḥunappointed
a-niyuktaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता; qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Roota-niyukta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक; नञ् + niyukta)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular; ‘not appointed’
vāor
vā:
Sambandha
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प)
paṅktyāby (means of) the dining row
paṅktyā:
Karaṇa (करण/instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootpaṅkti (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
haratiremoves
harati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√hṛ (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd Person, Singular, Parasmaipada
kilbiṣamsin
kilbiṣam:
Karma (कर्म/object)
TypeNoun
Rootkilbiṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular