Brahma Purana — Shiva on Dharma: Nonviolence, Truthful Speech, Mental Discipline, and the Karmic Causes of Heaven and Longevity, Shloka 24

Devanagari script

शठप्रलापाद् विरता विरुद्धपरिवर्जकाः सौम्यप्रलापिनो नित्यं ते नराः स्वर्गगामिनः //

Translation

Ce verset (n° 24) donne une conclusion solennelle à l’intention de ceux qui recherchent la connaissance.

Word by Word

• śaṭha-pralāpāt: from deceitful talk
• śaṭha-pralāpāt: Apādāna (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaṭha (प्रातिपदिक) + pralāpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Pañcamī vibhakti (5th/पञ्चमी), Ekavacana; ablative: 'from deceitful talk'

• viratāḥ: refraining
• viratāḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: virata (कृदन्त; क्त)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; kta-participle of vi-√ram (रम्) 'to desist' meaning 'refrained'

• viruddha-parivarjakāḥ: avoiders of improper/hostile speech
• viruddha-parivarjakāḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: viruddha (प्रातिपदिक) + parivarjaka (प्रातिपदिक; agent noun from pari-√vṛj/√varj)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: 'viruddhaṃ parivarjayanti' (avoiding what is improper/hostile); predicate adjective

• saumya-pralāpinaḥ: speakers of gentle words
• saumya-pralāpinaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: saumya (प्रातिपदिक) + pralāpin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; tatpuruṣa: 'saumyaṃ pralāpam yeṣām/ye kurvanti' (speaking gentle words); predicate adjective

• nityam: always
• nityam: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: nitya (प्रातिपदिक used adverbially)
• Form: Avyaya (kriyā-viśeṣaṇa); adverbial accusative: 'always'

• te: those
• te: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana

• narāḥ: men, people
• narāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana

• svarga-gāminaḥ: heaven-going
• svarga-gāminaḥ: Karta-viśeṣaṇa / Predicative (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: svarga (प्रातिपदिक) + gāmin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Bahuvacana; predicate adjective

Speaker

• Śiva to Umā/Devī