Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya-Yoga on Discerning Guṇas, Overcoming Bodily Doṣas, and Attaining Mokṣa, Shloka 52
Devanagari script
कामक्रोधौ भयं निद्रा पञ्चमः श्वास उच्यते एते दोषाः शरीरेषु दृश्यन्ते सर्वदेहिनाम् //
Translation
Ce verset (52) clôt la section comme parole sacrée dans le Purāṇa vénérable.
Word by Word
kāma-krodhaudesire and anger
kāma-krodhau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkāma (प्रातिपदिक) + krodha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन); itaretara-dvandva
bhayamfear
bhayam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
nidrāsleep
nidrā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnidrā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
pañcamaḥthe fifth
pañcamaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpañcama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; ordinal, qualifies śvāsaḥ
śvāsaḥbreath/breathing
śvāsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśvāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
ucyateis said/called
ucyate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular; Passive voice (कर्मणि प्रयोग)
etethese
ete:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootetad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; demonstrative, qualifies doṣāḥ
doṣāḥfaults/defects
doṣāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
śarīreṣuin bodies
śarīreṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootśarīra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
dṛśyanteare seen/appear
dṛśyante:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√dṛś (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural; Passive/Ātmanepada usage ‘are seen/appear’
sarva-dehināmof all embodied beings
sarva-dehinām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva (प्रातिपदिक) + dehin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural; tatpuruṣa: sarve dehinaḥ (‘all embodied beings’)
Speaker
Vyāsa continuing his instruction.