Brahma Purana — Sāṃkhya-Yoga on Discerning Guṇas, Overcoming Bodily Doṣas, and Attaining Mokṣa, Shloka 51
Devanagari script
व्यास उवाच पञ्च दोषान् द्विजा देहे प्रवदन्ति मनीषिणः मार्गज्ञाः कापिलाः सांख्याः शृणुध्वं मुनिसत्तमाः //
Translation
Ce verset (51) est conservé pour la récitation dévotionnelle et l’étude savante.
Word by Word
vyāsaḥVyāsa
vyāsaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvyāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
uvācasaid
uvāca:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vac (धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)
pañcafive
pañca:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootpañcan (प्रातिपदिक/संख्या)
FormNumeral (संख्या), indeclinable-like usage; qualifies doṣān
doṣānfaults/defects
doṣān:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdoṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
dvijāḥO twice-born (Brahmins)
dvijāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Plural (बहुवचन)
dehein the body
dehe:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootdeha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular (एकवचन)
pravadantideclare/teach
pravadanti:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√vad (धातु)
FormPresent (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन)
manīṣiṇaḥthe wise (sages)
manīṣiṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmanīṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)
mārga-jñāḥknowers of the path
mārga-jñāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmārga (प्रातिपदिक) + jña (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; tatpuruṣa: mārgaṃ jānanti (‘knowers of the path’), qualifies manīṣiṇaḥ
kāpilāḥKapila’s (followers)
kāpilāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkāpila (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; ‘followers of Kapila’
sāṃkhyāḥSāṃkhya (thinkers)
sāṃkhyāḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsāṃkhya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; ‘Sāṃkhya (philosophers)’
śṛṇudhvamlisten
śṛṇudhvam:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√śru (धातु)
FormImperative (लोट्), 2nd person (मध्यमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); Ātmanepada
muni-sattamāḥO best of sages
muni-sattamāḥ:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmuni (प्रातिपदिक) + sattama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Plural; tatpuruṣa: munīnāṃ sattamāḥ (‘best among sages’)
Speaker
Vyāsa addressing the sages (munis/dvijas).