Brahma Purana — On Varna Mobility Through Conduct, Karma, and Food-Ethics, Shloka 19
Devanagari script
क्षत्रियो वा महाभागे वैश्यो वा धर्मचारिणि स्वानि कर्माण्य् अपाकृत्य शूद्रकर्म निषेवते //
Translation
Le verset (19) convie les sages à méditer, afin que l’esprit demeure dans la droiture et la révérence envers le Divin.
Word by Word
kṣatriyaḥa Kshatriya
kṣatriyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣatriya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प-अव्यय)
mahā-bhāgeO greatly fortunate one
mahā-bhāge:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormKarmadhāraya compound; Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन); (gender per address, here feminine voc. in -e)
vaiśyaḥa Vaishya
vaiśyaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvaiśya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)
vāor
vā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प-अव्यय)
dharma-cāriṇiO follower of dharma
dharma-cāriṇi:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक) + cārin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन); (gender per address, here feminine voc. in -i)
svānione’s own
svāni:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन); possessive adjective agreeing with karmāṇi
karmāṇiduties/acts
karmāṇi:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkarman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Plural (बहुवचन)
apākṛtyahaving set aside
apākṛtya:
Kriya-visheṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootapa-ā-√kṛ (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्), indeclinable; ‘having set aside/removed’
śūdra-karmāShudra work
śūdra-karmā:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśūdra (प्रातिपदिक) + karman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa compound; Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Accusative (द्वितीया/2), Singular (एकवचन)
niṣevatepractises/serves
niṣevate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni√sev (धातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)
Speaker
Teacher/narrator addressing a woman respectfully as ‘mahābhāge’/‘dharmacāriṇi’