Shloka 4
Adhyaya 242 — Bondage Through the Guṇas: Transmigration, Misidentification, and Ascetic Practices
Devanagari script
कोषकारो यथात्मानं कीटः समभिरुन्धति सूत्रतन्तुगुणैर् नित्यं तथायम् अगुणो गुणैः //
Translation
Ce verset (n° 4) poursuit l’exposé du Dharma et de l’ordre du monde selon la tradition ancienne.
Word by Word
koṣa-kāraḥthe cocoon-maker
koṣa-kāraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkoṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + kāra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) ‘maker of a cocoon’
yathājust as
yathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootyathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (उपमान/यथार्थक अव्यय)
ātmānamitself
ātmānam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
kīṭaḥthe worm/insect
kīṭaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootkīṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
samabhirundhatiencloses/encases
samabhirundhati:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootsam-abhi√rudh (धाातु)
FormPresent tense (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)
sūtra-tantu-guṇaiḥwith thread-fibres/strands
sūtra-tantu-guṇaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsūtra (प्रातिपदिक) + tantu (प्रातिपदिक) + guṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन); tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) chain-compound ‘with threads/fibres/strands’
nityamalways
nityam:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootnitya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverbial accusative (क्रियाविशेषणरूपेण द्वितीया एकवचन)
tathāso/thus
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (तथार्थक अव्यय)
ayamthis (one)
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
aguṇaḥquality-less
aguṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootaguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); adjective qualifying ayam
guṇaiḥby/with qualities
guṇaiḥ:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootguṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
Speaker
Vasiṣṭha continuing the teaching