Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 40

Dakṣa’s Daughters, Cosmic Lineages, and the Population of the Three Worlds

विवस्वत: श्राद्धदेवं संज्ञासूयत वै मनुम् । मिथुनं च महाभागा यमं देवं यमीं तथा । सैव भूत्वाथ वडवा नासत्यौ सुषुवे भुवि ॥ ४० ॥

vivasvataḥ śrāddhadevaṁ saṁjñāsūyata vai manum mithunaṁ ca mahā-bhāgā yamaṁ devaṁ yamīṁ tathā saiva bhūtvātha vaḍavā nāsatyau suṣuve bhuvi

Saṁjñā, l’épouse de Vivasvān, le dieu Soleil, enfanta le Manu nommé Śrāddhadeva. Cette mère fortunée donna aussi naissance aux jumeaux : Yama-deva et Yamī (la rivière Yamunā). Puis Yamī, errant sur la terre sous la forme d’une jument, mit au monde les deux Aśvinī-kumāra, connus sous le nom de Nāsatya.

vivasvataḥof Vivasvān
vivasvataḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootvivasvat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Ṣaṣṭhī (Gen. 6), Ekavacana (sg.)
śrāddhadevamŚrāddhadeva (Manu)
śrāddhadevam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootśrāddhadeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā (Acc. 2), Ekavacana (sg.); proper name (Manu)
saṁjñāSaṁjñā
saṁjñā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṁjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.); proper name
asūyatagave birth to
asūyata:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√sū (धातु)
FormLaṅ-lakāra (Imperfect/past), Ātmanepada; Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana (sg.)
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormNipāta (emphatic particle)
manumManu
manum:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootmanu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā (Acc. 2), Ekavacana (sg.)
mithunama pair (twins)
mithunam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootmithuna (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNapुंसakliṅga (n.), Dvitīyā (Acc. 2), Ekavacana (sg.)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormSamucchaya-nipāta (conjunction)
mahā-bhāgāgreatly fortunate
mahā-bhāgā:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmahā + bhāga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.); vocative sense possible by context, but form is nominative; epithet of Saṁjñā
yamamYama
yamam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā (Acc. 2), Ekavacana (sg.)
devamthe god
devam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā (Acc. 2), Ekavacana (sg.); apposition to yamam
yamīmYamī
yamīm:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootyamī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Dvitīyā (Acc. 2), Ekavacana (sg.)
tathāalso
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; additive particle/adverb
she
:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.)
evaindeed/just
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormAvadhāraṇa-nipāta (emphatic/restrictive particle)
bhūtvāhaving become
bhūtvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√bhū (धातु)
FormKṛdanta: absolutive/gerund (ktvā/क्त्वा)
athathen
atha:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatha (अव्यय)
FormKrama-bodhaka avyaya
vaḍavāa mare
vaḍavā:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootvaḍavā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Prathamā (Nom. 1), Ekavacana (sg.)
nāsatyauthe Nāsatyas (Aśvins)
nāsatyau:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootnāsatya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga (m.), Dvitīyā (Acc. 2), Dvivacana (du.); the Aśvin twins
suṣuvegave birth to
suṣuve:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√sū (धातु)
FormLiṭ-lakāra (Perfect), Ātmanepada; Prathama-puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana (sg.)
bhuvion earth
bhuvi:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण/Location)
TypeNoun
Rootbhūmi/bhuvi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga (f.), Saptamī (Loc. 7), Ekavacana (sg.); ‘bhuvi’ as locative of bhū ‘earth’
V
Vivasvān (Sūrya)
S
Saṁjñā
Ś
Śrāddhadeva Manu (Vaivasvata Manu)
Y
Yama
Y
Yamī
A
Aśvinī-kumāras
N
Nāsatya
D
Dasra

FAQs

Śrāddhadeva Manu (Vaivasvata Manu) is the son of Vivasvān and Saṁjñā; he is the Manu who presides over the present manvantara and represents the lawful order of human society.

This verse states that Saṁjñā bore twin children—Yama (the deity who administers death and justice) and Yamī—along with Vaivasvata Manu.

It highlights that the universe is guided by divinely appointed order—Manu for social law and Yama for moral accountability—encouraging one to live responsibly and in harmony with dharma.