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Shloka 22

Prāyaścitta, the ‘Elephant Bath’ Problem, and the Opening of Ajāmila-Upākhyāna

बन्द्यक्षै: कैतवैश्चौर्यैर्गर्हितां वृत्तिमास्थित: । बिभ्रत्कुटुम्बमशुचिर्यातयामास देहिन: ॥ २२ ॥

bandy-akṣaiḥ kaitavaiś cauryair garhitāṁ vṛttim āsthitaḥ bibhrat kuṭumbam aśucir yātayām āsa dehinaḥ

Cet Ajāmila déchu adopta un gagne‑pain blâmable : arrêter des gens, tricher au jeu et voler ou piller ouvertement. Impur, il faisait souffrir autrui pour nourrir sa femme et ses enfants.

बन्द्याक्षैःwith gambling dice
बन्द्याक्षैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootबन्द्य + अक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/करण), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (बन्द्यानाम् अक्षाणि = gambling dice)
कैतवैःwith cheating (tricks)
कैतवैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootकैतव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
चौर्यैःwith thefts
चौर्यैः:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootचौर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन
गर्हिताम्condemned
गर्हिताम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootगर्हित (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √गर्ह् (धातु) + क्त)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन; वृत्तिम् इति विशेषण
वृत्तिम्livelihood/occupation
वृत्तिम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
आस्थितःhaving adopted
आस्थितः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था (धातु √स्था) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formभूतकालिक-कृदन्त (past active participle in sense), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगः—‘having adopted/undertaken’
बिभ्रत्maintaining
बिभ्रत्:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√भृ (धातु) शतृ (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘bearing/maintaining’
कुटुम्बम्family
कुटुम्बम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootकुटुम्ब (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
अशुचिःimpure
अशुचिः:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअशुचि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्तृ-विशेषण
यातयामासhe tormented / made suffer
यातयामास:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√यातय् (धातु; causative of √यम्/√या in sense ‘to harass/torment’)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect/परोक्षभूत), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘he caused to suffer/tormented’
आस(aux.) did/was
आस:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√अस् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; सहायक-क्रिया (auxiliary)
देहिनःliving beings
देहिनः:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदेहिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/कर्म), बहुवचन; ‘embodied beings’

This verse indicates how degraded one becomes simply by indulging in illicit sex with a prostitute. Illicit sex is not possible with a chaste or aristocratic woman, but only with unchaste śūdras. The more society allows prostitution and illicit sex, the more impetus it gives to cheaters, thieves, plunderers, drunkards and gamblers. Therefore we first advise all the disciples in our Kṛṣṇa consciousness movement to avoid illicit sex, which is the beginning of all abominable life and which is followed by meat-eating, gambling and intoxication, one after another. Of course, restraint is very difficult, but it is quite possible if one fully surrenders to Kṛṣṇa, since all these abominable habits gradually become distasteful for a Kṛṣṇa conscious person. If illicit sex is allowed to increase in a society, however, the entire society will be condemned, for it will be full of rogues, thieves, cheaters and so forth.

A
Ajāmila

FAQs

This verse condemns such livelihoods as garhitā (blameworthy) and explains that supporting oneself this way leads to impurity and causes suffering to other embodied beings, creating heavy karmic reactions.

To show how association and uncontrolled senses can push a person into adharma, setting the background for Ajāmila’s later crisis and the Bhagavatam’s teaching on the power of the Lord’s holy name.

Choose honest, dharmic work even under pressure, because unjust gain harms others and degrades one’s consciousness—whereas integrity supports spiritual progress and peace of mind.