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Srimad Bhagavatam — Panchama Skandha, Shloka 14

Ṛṣabhadeva’s Enthronement, Exemplary Household Life, and the Birth of Bharata and the Nine Yogendras

भगवानृषभसंज्ञ आत्मतन्त्र: स्वयं नित्यनिवृत्तानर्थपरम्पर: केवलानन्दानुभव ईश्वर एव विपरीतवत्कर्माण्यारभमाण: कालेनानुगतं धर्ममाचरणेनोपशिक्षयन्नतद्विदां सम उपशान्तो मैत्र: कारुणिको धर्मार्थयश: प्रजानन्दामृतावरोधेन गृहेषु लोकं नियमयत् ॥ १४ ॥

bhagavān ṛṣabha-saṁjña ātma-tantraḥ svayaṁ nitya-nivṛttānartha-paramparaḥ kevalānandānubhava īśvara eva viparītavat karmāṇy ārabhamāṇaḥ kālenānugataṁ dharmam ācaraṇenopaśikṣayann atad-vidāṁ sama upaśānto maitraḥ kāruṇiko dharmārtha-yaśaḥ-prajānandāmṛtāvarodhena gṛheṣu lokaṁ niyamayat.

En tant qu’incarnation de la Personne Suprême, le Seigneur Ṛṣabhadeva était pleinement indépendant; Sa forme était spirituelle, éternelle et remplie d’ānanda transcendantal. Il n’avait, de toute éternité, aucun lien avec la chaîne des misères matérielles—naissance, mort, vieillesse et maladie—ni aucun attachement mondain. Égal envers tous, paisible, amical et compatissant, Il souffrait de voir autrui souffrir. Pourtant, comme s’Il était une âme conditionnée, Il observa strictement le varṇāśrama-dharma, alors négligé par le temps, et par Son propre exemple instruisit les ignorants. Ainsi régla-t-Il la société dans la vie de foyer, la guidant vers le dharma, l’artha, la renommée, la descendance, les plaisirs, et finalement le bien suprême, immortel comme l’amṛta.

bhagavānthe Blessed Lord
bhagavān:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhagavat (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
ṛṣabha-saṁjñaḥnamed Ṛṣabha
ṛṣabha-saṁjñaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootṛṣabha + saṁjñā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: ṛṣabha iti saṁjñā yasya (named 'Ṛṣabha')
ātma-tantraḥself-controlled; independent
ātma-tantraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootātman + tantra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: ātmani tantraḥ (self-governed/independent)
svayamhimself; personally
svayam:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsvayam (अव्यय)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)
nitya-nivṛtta-anartha-paramparaḥwhose chain of miseries is forever ended
nitya-nivṛtta-anartha-paramparaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootnitya + nivṛtta + anartha + paramparā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि: yasya anartha-paramparā nityaṁ nivṛttā (whose succession of misfortunes is eternally ceased)
kevala-ānanda-anubhavaḥone whose experience is pure bliss
kevala-ānanda-anubhavaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootkevala + ānanda + anubhava (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); तत्पुरुष: 'experience of pure bliss'
īśvaraḥthe Lord
īśvaraḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootīśvara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
evaindeed; only
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
FormEmphatic particle (अवधारण-निपात)
viparītavatas if contrary; seemingly opposite
viparītavat:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootviparīta + vat (तद्धित-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdverbial usage (क्रियाविशेषणवत्); -वत् suffix meaning 'as if/like'
karmāṇiactions
karmāṇi:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkarman (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)
ārabhamāṇaḥundertaking; beginning
ārabhamāṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootā-√rabh (रभ् धातु)
FormPresent active participle (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
kālenaby/with time; in due course
kālena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkāla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
anugatamfollowed; conformed (to time)
anugatam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootanu + gata (गम् धातु → गत कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन); past participle (क्त) agreeing with dharmam
dharmamdharma; righteous conduct
dharmam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
ācaraṇenaby practice; by conduct
ācaraṇena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootācaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)
upaśikṣayaninstructing; teaching
upaśikṣayan:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootupa-√śikṣ (शिक्ष् धातु)
FormPresent active participle (वर्तमान कृदन्त/शतृ), Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
a-tad-vidāmof the ignorant (of that truth)
a-tad-vidām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Roota + tad + vid (विद् धातु → विद्/विद्वस्-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); नञ्-तत्पुरुष: 'of those who do not know that (truth)'
samaḥequanimous
samaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
upaśāntaḥpeaceful; fully calmed
upaśāntaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootupaśānta (प्रातिपदिक; √śam)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); past participle (क्त) from upa-√śam
maitraḥfriendly
maitraḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmaitra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
kāruṇikaḥcompassionate
kāruṇikaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkāruṇika (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)
dharma-artha-yaśaḥ-prajā-ānanda-amṛta-āvarodhenaby withholding dharma, wealth, fame, progeny, joy, and immortality
dharma-artha-yaśaḥ-prajā-ānanda-amṛta-āvarodhena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdharma + artha + yaśas + prajā + ānanda + amṛta + āvarodha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन); बहुपद-तत्पुरुष: 'by the obstruction/withholding of dharma, wealth, fame, progeny, joy, and nectar (immortality)'
gṛheṣuin homes; in household life
gṛheṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgṛha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural (बहुवचन)
lokamthe people; the world
lokam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootloka (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)
niyamayatdisciplined; regulated
niyamayat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootni-√yam (यम् धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); causative sense 'to restrain/discipline' (णिच् implied by stem niyamaya-)

The varṇāśrama-dharma is meant for imperfect, conditioned souls. It trains them to become spiritually advanced in order to return home, back to Godhead. A civilization that does not know the highest aim of life is no better than an animal society. As stated in Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam: na te viduḥ svārtha-gatiṁ hi viṣṇum. A human society is meant for elevation to spiritual knowledge so that all of the people can be freed from the clutches of birth, death, old age and disease. The varṇāśrama-dharma enables human society to become perfectly fit for getting out of the clutches of māyā, and by following the regulative principles of varṇāśrama-dharma one can become successful. In this regard, see Bhagavad-gītā 3.21-24.

Ṛṣabhadeva

FAQs

This verse says that although Ṛṣabhadeva is eternally beyond material suffering and situated in pure bliss, He acts like an ordinary person to teach dharma through His own example.

Because the Lord is actually transcendental and independent, yet He deliberately accepts social and royal responsibilities to instruct people who do not understand the highest truth.

Do your duties with inner detachment, learn by good example rather than words alone, and keep dharma above mere wealth and reputation so that real happiness is not blocked.