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Srimad Bhagavatam — Ekadasha Skandha, Shloka 22

Vānaprastha-vidhi and Sannyāsa-dharma: Austerity, Detachment, and the Paramahaṁsa Ideal

अन्वीक्षेतात्मनो बन्धं मोक्षं च ज्ञाननिष्ठया । बन्ध इन्द्रियविक्षेपो मोक्ष एषां च संयम: ॥ २२ ॥

anvīkṣetātmano bandhaṁ mokṣaṁ ca jñāna-niṣṭhayā bandha indriya-vikṣepo mokṣa eṣāṁ ca saṁyamaḥ

Par une connaissance ferme, le sage doit discerner clairement la nature de l’enchaînement et de la libération de l’âme. L’enchaînement est la dispersion des sens vers la jouissance; la libération est la maîtrise totale de ces sens.

anvīkṣetahe should examine
anvīkṣeta:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootanu√īkṣ (अनु + ईक्ष् धातु)
FormVidhi-liṅ (विधिलिङ्/optative), Prathama puruṣa (3rd), Ekavacana; Ātmanepada
ātmanaḥof the self
ātmanaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootātman (आत्मन् प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī vibhakti (6th/षष्ठी), Ekavacana
bandhambondage
bandham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootbandha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana
mokṣamliberation
mokṣam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmokṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Dvitīyā (2nd), Ekavacana
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), conjunction (समुच्चय)
jñāna-niṣṭhayāby steadfastness in knowledge
jñāna-niṣṭhayā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootjñāna + niṣṭhā (ज्ञान प्रातिपदिक + निष्ठा प्रातिपदिक)
FormStrīliṅga, Tṛtīyā (3rd), Ekavacana; समास: ज्ञाने निष्ठा (सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष) ‘steadfastness in knowledge’; instrumental of means
bandhaḥbondage
bandhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbandha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā (1st), Ekavacana; definitional subject
indriya-vikṣepaḥdistraction of the senses
indriya-vikṣepaḥ:
Samānādhikaraṇa (समानााधिकरण/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootindriya + vikṣepa (इन्द्रिय + विक्षेप प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; समास: इन्द्रियाणां विक्षेपः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)
mokṣaḥliberation
mokṣaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootmokṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; definitional subject
eṣāmof these
eṣām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (इदम् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormṢaṣṭhī (6th), Bahuvacana (plural); pronoun ‘of these (senses)’
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, conjunction (समुच्चय)
saṁyamaḥrestraint
saṁyamaḥ:
Samānādhikaraṇa (समानााधिकरण/विधेय)
TypeNoun
Rootsaṁyama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṁliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate noun

By carefully understanding one’s eternal nature, one will not again be bound up in the shackles of material energy, and by constant engagement in the service of the Absolute Truth, one is liberated. Then the flickering material senses can no longer drag one into the false consciousness of being a material enjoyer. Such steady sense control gives one relief from the harassment of material sense gratification.

K
Krishna
U
Uddhava

FAQs

This verse defines bondage as the mind being pulled outward by sense-distraction (indriya-vikṣepa), and liberation as mastery and restraint of the senses (saṁyama), understood through steady realized knowledge (jñāna-niṣṭhā).

In Canto 11, Krishna instructs Uddhava on the path of renunciation and inner freedom; here He clarifies the practical difference between bondage and liberation as an inner condition shaped by sense-control and realized knowledge.

Notice where attention is scattered by sensory impulses, then consciously restrain and redirect it toward sattvic habits—study, prayer, and devotional remembrance—so the senses serve spiritual purpose rather than dominate the mind.