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Shloka 4

Aftermath of Gajendra’s Deliverance: Hūhū’s Release, Indradyumna’s Curse, and Sārūpya-mukti

योऽसौ ग्राह: स वै सद्य: परमाश्चर्यरूपधृक् । मुक्तो देवलशापेन हूहूर्गन्धर्वसत्तम: ॥ ३ ॥ प्रणम्य शिरसाधीशमुत्तमश्लोकमव्ययम् । अगायत यशोधाम कीर्तन्यगुणसत्कथम् ॥ ४ ॥

yo ’sau grāhaḥ sa vai sadyaḥ paramāścarya-rūpa-dhṛk mukto devala-śāpena hūhūr gandharva-sattamaḥ

Hūhū, le meilleur des Gandharvas, avait été changé en crocodile par la malédiction du sage Devala. À présent, délivré par la grâce de la Personne Suprême, il reprit aussitôt une forme gandharva d’une beauté merveilleuse. Comprenant par la miséricorde de qui cela s’était accompli, il inclina la tête en hommage devant l’inaltérable Uttamaśloka et se mit à chanter des prières glorifiant Ses qualités dignes du kīrtana.

yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (यद् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular relative pronoun
asauthat (yonder)
asau:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootadas (अदस् सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular demonstrative pronoun
grāhaḥcrocodile
grāhaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootgrāha (ग्राह प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular pronoun
vaiindeed
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (वै अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; particle/emphasis (निपात)
sadyaḥimmediately
sadyaḥ:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (कालाधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadyaḥ (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)
parama-āścarya-rūpa-dhṛkbearing a supremely wondrous form
parama-āścarya-rūpa-dhṛk:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootparama (परम) + āścarya (आश्चर्य) + rūpa (रूप) + √dhṛ (धृ धातु)
FormMulti-member Tatpuruṣa; dhṛk = agentive (क्विप्) ‘bearing’; Masculine, Nominative, Singular
muktaḥfreed
muktaḥ:
Karta-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Root√muc (मुच् धातु)
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
devala-śāpenaby Devala’s curse
devala-śāpena:
Hetu/Karaṇa (हेतु/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdevala (देवल) + śāpa (शाप)
FormTatpuruṣa; Masculine, Instrumental, Singular
hūhūḥHūhū
hūhūḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roothūhū (हूहू प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
gandharva-sattamaḥbest of Gandharvas
gandharva-sattamaḥ:
Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootgandharva (गन्धर्व) + sattama (सत्तम)
FormTatpuruṣa; Masculine, Nominative, Singular
praṇamyahaving bowed
praṇamya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Root√nam (नम् धातु) + pra- (उपसर्ग)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त): ‘having bowed’
śirasāwith (his) head
śirasā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootśiras (शिरस् प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
adhīśamthe Lord
adhīśam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootadhīśa (अधीश प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
uttama-ślोकamthe Lord of sublime praise (Uttamaśloka)
uttama-ślोकam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootuttama (उत्तम) + śloka (श्लोक प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi: ‘he whose fame is in excellent verses’ (epithet of Viṣṇu); Masculine, Accusative, Singular qualifying adhīśam
avyayamimperishable
avyayam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्मविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootavyaya (अव्यय प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular qualifying adhīśam
agāyatsang
agāyat:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√gai (गै धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
yaśaḥ-dhāmathe abode of glory
yaśaḥ-dhāma:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootyaśas (यशस्) + dhāman (धामन् प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa: ‘abode of glory’; Neuter, Accusative, Singular (object of agāyat)
kīrtanya-guṇa-sat-kathamthe sacred tale of virtues fit to be glorified
kīrtanya-guṇa-sat-katham:
Karma-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्म-समानााधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkīrtanya (कीर्तनीय) + guṇa (गुण) + sat-kathā (सत्कथा)
FormTatpuruṣa: ‘true narration of qualities worthy of being sung’; Neuter, Accusative, Singular appositional to yaśaḥ-dhāma

The story of how the Gandharva had become a crocodile will be described later. The curse by which the Gandharva took this position was actually a blessing, not a curse. One should not be displeased when a saintly person curses someone, for his curse, indirectly, is a blessing. The Gandharva had the mentality of an inhabitant of the celestial planetary system, and for him to become an associate of the Supreme Lord would have taken millions of long years. However, because he was cursed by Devala Ṛṣi, he became a crocodile and in only one life was fortunate enough to see the Supreme Personality of Godhead face to face and be promoted to the spiritual world to become one of the Lord’s associates. Similarly, Gajendra was also delivered by the Supreme Personality of Godhead when he was freed from the curse of Agastya Muni.

H
Hūhū
D
Devala

FAQs

The crocodile was actually Hūhū, a Gandharva, who had taken that form due to the curse of the sage Devala.

It shows that karmic bondage such as a curse can be undone instantly by the Lord’s arrangement, revealing the soul’s original identity when divine grace acts.

As reminders that circumstances can change at any moment by higher will; one should take shelter of bhakti rather than identifying permanently with temporary conditions.