Mantra 1

Sukta 25

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अश्वावति प्रथमो गोषु गच्छति सुप्रावीरिन्द्र मर्त्यस्तवोतिभिः । तमित् पृणक्षि वसुना भवीयसा सिन्धुमापो यथाभितो विचेतसः

IAST Transliteration

aśvā́vatí prathamó góṣu gacchati suprāvī́r índra mártyas távōtíbhiḥ | tám íd pṛṇákṣi vásunā bhávīyasā síndhum ā́po yáthābhíto vícetasah

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Foremost in horse-wealth, foremost amid kine, the mortal fares on, O Indra, by thy succouring aids. Him verily thou fillest with ampler treasure, as the Waters from all sides fill the River, wide-working.

Translation

Premier en richesse de chevaux, premier parmi les vaches, le mortel avance, ô Indra, par tes secours protecteurs. Celui-là, vraiment, tu le combles d’un bien plus abondant, comme les Eaux de toutes parts emplissent le Fleuve — agissant au loin, clairvoyantes.

Word by Word

• अश्वावति: in/among the horse-possessing (ones)
• अश्वावति: अधिकारण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अश्वावत् (प्रातिपदिक) < अश्व

• प्रथमः: the first, foremost
• प्रथमः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)

• गोषु: among the cows/cattle
• गोषु: अधिकारण
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• गच्छति: goes, proceeds
• गच्छति: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम् (धातु)

• सुप्रावीरि: O very-heroic/possessing good heroes
• सुप्रावीरि: सम्बोधन
• Type: Adjective (vocative epithet)
• Root: सु-प्र-वीरि (प्रातिपदिक; सु + प्र + वीर/वीर्य-सम्बद्ध)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: सम्बोधन
• Type: Noun (proper)
• Root: इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• मर्त्यः: a mortal
• मर्त्यः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• तव: of you, your
• तव: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (सर्वनाम)

• ऊतिभिः: with (your) helps/protections
• ऊतिभिः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊति (प्रातिपदिक)

• तम्: him
• तम्: कर्म
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• इत्: indeed, just
• इत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इत् (निपात; वैदिक)

• पृणक्षि: you fill, you satisfy
• पृणक्षि: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: पॄ/पृ (धातु; ‘पूरणे’)

• वसुनā: with wealth/good
• वसुनā: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसु (प्रातिपदिक)

• भवीयसा: with more abundant (wealth)
• भवीयसा: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भवीयस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘भू’ से तुलनात्मक ‘more abundant/better’)

• सिन्धुम्: the river/stream (Sindhu)
• सिन्धुम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)

• आपः: waters
• आपः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: अप् (प्रातिपदिक; बहुवचन-प्रयोगः)

• यथा: as, just as
• यथा: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)

• अभितः: around, on all sides
• अभितः: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अभितः (अव्यय)

• विचेतसः: widely-spreading/variously-moving (or: discerning)
• विचेतसः: कर्तृ
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: As in RV parallel (Indra prosperity hymn; RV-derived in AV 20)

Devata: Indra (with implicit Āpas in simile)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (longer pādas; RV-style)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From assertion of Indra’s enabling help → to vivid image of overflowing replenishment → to settled confidence in increase.","listener_experience":"Uplifted, emboldened, ‘expanded’—a sense that resources can arrive from many directions.","intensity":6}