Sutra 19

Devanagari script

तस्मादुञ्छषड्भागमारण्यकापि निर्वपन्ति तस्यैतद्भागधेयं योऽस्मान् गोपायति इति ॥ कZ_०१.१३.०९ ॥

Transliteration

tasmāduñchaṣaḍbhāgamāraṇyakāpi nirvapanti tasyaitadbhāgadheyaṃ yo'smān gopāyati iti

Translation

C’est pourquoi même les habitants des forêts mettent de côté un sixième de ce qu’ils glanent : « voici la part qui lui est due — celui qui nous protège ».

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore; from that (reason)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: ablative singular (पञ्चमी एकवचन), masculine/neuter; pronominal stem

• उञ्छ-षड्भागम्: the one-sixth share of gleanings
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: उञ्छ + षड् + भाग
• Form: accusative singular (द्वितीया एकवचन), masculine; compound meaning 'a sixth share of gleanings'

• आरण्यकाः: forest-dwellers (those living in the forest)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आरण्यक
• Form: nominative plural (प्रथमा बहुवचन), masculine

• अपि: even; also
• Type: Particle
• Root: अपि
• Form: indeclinable; concessive/emphatic

• निर्वपन्ति: they pay/offer (render)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वप् (वपन) with prefix निर्-
• Form: present indicative, parasmaipada, 3rd person plural; class 1 (भ्वादि) usage; meaning 'to pay/offer/lay down'

• तस्य: of him/of that (king)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: genitive singular (षष्ठी एकवचन), masculine/neuter; pronominal stem

• एतत्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: nominative/accusative singular (प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन), neuter; deictic pronoun

• भागधेयम्: (his) rightful share; due portion
• Type: Noun
• Root: भागधेय
• Form: nominative/accusative singular (प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन), neuter

• यः: who
• Type: Pronoun (relative)
• Root: यद्
• Form: nominative singular (प्रथमा एकवचन), masculine; relative pronoun

• अस्मान्: us
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: accusative plural (द्वितीया बहुवचन)

• गोपायति: protects/guards
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गुप्/√गोपाय (causative/denominative from गोपाय)
• Form: present indicative, parasmaipada, 3rd person singular; causative/denominative sense 'to protect, to guard'

• इति: thus; saying
• Type: Quotative particle
• Root: इति
• Form: indeclinable; marks end of quotation/thought

Entities Mentioned

• āraṇyaka (forest-dweller)
• uñcha
• ṣaḍbhāga
• bhāgadheya
• gopāyati (protects)

More Details

FAQs

Why mention forest-dwellers in a taxation argument?

It extends the legitimacy claim beyond settled agrarian society: even marginal groups accept a protection-based fiscal obligation, implying universality of the state’s protective function.