Sutra 5

Devanagari script

यदा वा पश्येत्स्वदण्डैर्मित्राटवीदण्डैर्वा समं ज्यायांसं वा कर्शयितुमुत्सहे इति तदा कृतबाह्याभ्यन्तरकृत्यो विगृह्यासीत ॥ कZ_०७.४.०५ ॥

Transliteration

yadā vā paśyet svadaṇḍair mitrāṭavīdaṇḍair vā samaṃ jyāyāṃsaṃ vā karśayitum utsahe iti tadā kṛtabāhyābhyantarakṛtyo vigṛhy āsīta

Translation

Ou lorsqu’il constate : «Avec mes propres forces —ou avec celles des alliés et des chefs des forêts— je peux user un ennemi égal, voire plus puissant», alors, après avoir achevé les préparatifs externes et internes, il doit entrer en hostilité et demeurer en posture (āsana).

Word by Word

यदाwhen

वाor

पश्येत्should see / should find (that)

स्वदण्डैःwith his own forces/punitive power

मित्राटवीदण्डैःwith the forces of allies and of the forest (tribes/region)

वाor

समम्equally; on equal terms

ज्यायांसम्a stronger (one) / a superior (enemy/king)

वाor

कर्शयितुम्to weaken / wear down / harass

उत्सहेI am able / I dare / I can undertake

इतिthus (thinking/saying)

तदाthen

कृतबाह्याभ्यन्तरकृत्यःhaving completed external and internal tasks/preparations

विगृह्यhaving declared/undertaken hostility; having engaged in war

आसीतshould remain / should stay (in position)

Entities Mentioned

own forces (svadaṇḍa)

allies (mitra)

forest forces (āṭavīdaṇḍa)

equal/stronger enemy

FAQs

What is the decision test for initiating hostility here?

A capability assessment that one can attrit an equal or stronger enemy, using own forces and/or allied/forest auxiliaries.

What does ‘kṛtabāhyābhyantarakṛtya’ imply administratively?

A checklist discipline: logistics, finance, internal security, diplomacy, and domestic stability must be secured before escalation.