Sutra 4
Devanagari script
नियोगविकल्पसमुच्चयैश्चोपायानामनन्तरैकान्तराः प्रकृतीः साधयेत् ॥ कZ_०७.१६.०४ ॥
Transliteration
niyogavikalpasamuccayaiś copāyānām anantaraikāntarāḥ prakṛtīḥ sādhayet
Translation
Par l’orientation, l’alternance et la combinaison des mesures (upāya), il doit assurer les éléments constitutifs (prakṛti) en enchaînement immédiat ou à intervalles, selon ce qui convient.
Word by Word
नियोगassignment; appointment; command
नियोग:
TypeNoun
Rootनि + युज् (युजिर् योगे)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया/तृतीया/चतुर्थी/पञ्चमी/षष्ठी/सप्तमी एकवचन (प्रातिपदिक: नियोग) — here as first member in compound
विकल्पalternative; option
विकल्प:
TypeNoun
Rootवि + कल्प् (कल्पॢँ वृत्तौ/कल्पने)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रातिपदिक: विकल्प — here as member of compound
समुच्चयैःby combinations; by cumulative use
समुच्चयैः:
TypeNoun
Rootसम् + उच्/उच्चि (समुच्चय as noun from सम्+उच् ‘to gather’)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया बहुवचन (instrumental plural)
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक
उपायानाम्of the measures/means
उपायानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउप + इ (इण् गतौ) → उपाय (means)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी बहुवचन (genitive plural)
अनन्तरimmediate; successive
अनन्तर:
TypeAdjective (used in compound)
Rootअनन्तर (न + अन्तर)
Formप्रातिपदिक; ‘immediate/without interval’ — here as first member in compound
एकान्तराःalternating; with one interval (every other)
एकान्तराः:
TypeAdjective
Rootएक + अन्तर
Formबहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समासान्त विशेषण-प्रयोग; पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन; ‘having one interval/with one gap’
प्रकृतीःthe constituents (of the state)
प्रकृतीः:
TypeNoun
Rootप्र + कृ (डुकृञ् करणे) → प्रकृति
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; द्वितीया बहुवचन (accusative plural)
साधयेत्should accomplish; should bring about
साधयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootसाध् (साधँ संसिद्धौ)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन
Entities Mentioned
P
prakṛtis (state elements)FAQs
Core state constituents (e.g., ruler, ministers, territory/people, fort, treasury, army, ally) whose stability determines state power.
Use instruments flexibly—sometimes sequentially, sometimes alternately, sometimes in combination—based on situational feedback.