Sutra 11
Devanagari script
एतेषां कारणानामनभिसंधाने विप्रलपन्तमचोरं विद्यात् ॥ कZ_०४.८.११ ॥
Transliteration
eteṣāṃ kāraṇānām anabhisaṃdhāne vipralapantam acoraṃ vidyāt
Translation
Si, en l’absence de ces causes (incriminantes), une personne parle de façon incohérente ou contradictoire, il faut la comprendre comme non-voleur (c’est-à-dire non coupable de vol).
Word by Word
एतेषाम्of these
एतेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
Formषष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (Genitive plural), पुं/नपुं (context-dependent)
कारणानाम्of the reasons/grounds
कारणानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकारण
Formषष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (Genitive plural), नपुंसकलिङ्गम्
अनभिसंधानेin the absence of (prior) intention/premeditation
अनभिसंधाने:
TypeNoun (action noun)
Rootअनभिसंधान
Formसप्तमी-एकवचनम् (Locative singular), नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; ‘अन-’ (negation) + ‘अभिसंधान’
विप्रलपन्तम्speaking incoherently / rambling
विप्रलपन्तम्:
TypeVerb (present participle)
Rootवि + प्र + लप्
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्तः (शतृ), कर्मणि/कर्तरि-प्रयोगसामर्थ्ये; पुंलिङ्गे द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (Acc. sg.)
अचोरम्a non-thief / innocent person
अचोरम्:
TypeNoun (with privative prefix)
Rootअ + चोर
Formपुंलिङ्गम्, द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (Accusative singular)
विद्यात्should know/should ascertain
विद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (to know)
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्
Entities Mentioned
A
accused personJ
judicial authorityFAQs
Guilt should not be inferred merely from confused speech when concrete causal grounds for suspicion are absent; the state must avoid treating anxiety or incoherence as proof.
It anticipates a ‘proof over demeanor’ approach: behavioral cues alone are insufficient without corroborating facts.