तुलामानान्तरमर्घवर्णान्तरं वा धरकस्य मायकस्य वा पणमूल्यादष्टभागं हस्तदोषेणाचरतो द्विशतो दण्डः ॥ कZ_०४.२.२० ॥
tulāmānāntaram arghavarṇāntaraṃ vā dharakasya māyakasya vā paṇamūlyād aṣṭabhāgaṃ hastadoṣeṇācarato dviśato daṇḍaḥ
Si un détenteur (de marchandises) ou un trompeur, par manipulation (tour de main), provoque un écart dans les poids/mesures ou dans le prix/la qualité déclarés, à hauteur d’un huitième de la valeur, la peine est de 200 paṇas.
A focus on practical methods of cheating at the point of transaction (manual manipulation), suggesting inspection and evidentiary attention to technique.
Because fraud can be executed not only by quantity manipulation but also by misdeclaring grade/class or price category.