Sutra 57
Devanagari script
मर्मवधवैगुण्यकरणे दण्डपारुष्यं विद्यात् ॥ कZ_०४.१.५७ ॥
Transliteration
marmavadhavaiguṇyakaraṇe daṇḍapāruṣyaṃ vidyāt
Translation
En cas de mise à mort en frappant un point vital (marman), ou de handicap/défiguration permanente, il faut le traiter au titre des peines pour violence corporelle (daṇḍa-pāruṣya).
Word by Word
मर्म-वध-वैगुण्य-करणेin the case of causing (i) injury to a vital spot, (ii) killing, or (iii) maiming/disability
मर्म-वध-वैगुण्य-करणे:
TypeNoun
Rootकरण (√कृ)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे एकवचनम् सप्तमी; समासः: मर्म (n.) + वध (m.) + वैगुण्य (n.) + करण (n.); अर्थे: ‘करणे’ = ‘कर्मणि/प्रसङ्गे’ (in the act/case of causing)
दण्ड-पारुष्यंthe offence/category of violence (pāruṣya) punishable by penalty
दण्ड-पारुष्यं:
TypeNoun
Rootपारुष्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गे एकवचनम् प्रथमा/द्वितीया; समासः: दण्ड (m.) + पारुष्य (n.)
विद्यात्one should recognize/understand (it) as
विद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (ज्ञान)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative) परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम्; ‘one should know/recognize’
Entities Mentioned
O
Offender (implicit)V
Victim (implicit)K
King/State (adjudicator)FAQs
It standardizes case classification so judges apply the correct sentencing schedule for aggravated bodily harm and vital-spot killing.