कूटरूपं कारयतः प्रतिगृह्णतो निर्यापयतो वा सहस्रं दण्डः कोशे प्रक्षिपतो वधः ॥ कZ_०४.१.४८ ॥
kūṭarūpaṃ kārayataḥ pratigṛhṇato niryāpayato vā sahasraṃ daṇḍaḥ kośe prakṣipato vadhaḥ
Pour celui qui fait fabriquer une monnaie/forme métallique contrefaite (kūṭarūpa), ou qui l’accepte, ou qui la met en circulation, l’amende est de mille [paṇas]. Mais pour celui qui la dépose dans le trésor royal (kośa), la peine est la mort.
It directly attacks the state’s fiscal base and monetary authority; corrupting the treasury compromises salaries, procurement, and state capacity—hence a maximal deterrent.
A chain-liability approach: penalize all key nodes in the counterfeit supply chain to prevent ‘plausible deniability’ and reduce market demand for fakes.