Sutra 14
Devanagari script
अनादेयमकृषतोऽन्यः पञ्चवर्षाण्युपभुज्य प्रयासनिष्क्रयेण दद्यात् ॥ कZ_०३.१०.१४ ॥
Transliteration
anādeyam akṛṣato'nyaḥ pañcavarṣāṇy upabhujya prayāsaniṣkrayeṇa dadyāt
Translation
Si l’un ne cultive pas, un autre peut jouir/utiliser pendant cinq ans ce qui est autrement intransférable, puis doit s’en acquitter en indemnisant le travail/l’effort dépensé.
Word by Word
अनादेयम्not to be taken/accepted (i.e., not liable to be appropriated)
अनादेयम्:
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Root√दा (दाने) + उपसर्ग आ-; नञ्-प्रत्यय (न)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; नञ्-तत्पुरुषभावः (a-privative): ‘आदेय’ (to be taken/accepted) → ‘अनादेय’ (not to be taken)
अकृषतःof a non-cultivator / of one who does not till (the land)
अकृषतः:
TypeNoun/Participle (agent in genitive)
Root√कृष् (कर्षणे)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी; ‘अकृषत्’ (not cultivating) इति वर्तमानकृदन्त-प्रायः प्रयोगः—‘of one who does not cultivate’
अन्यःanother (person)
अन्यः:
TypePronoun/Adjective (substantive)
Rootअन्य
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
TypeNumeral
Rootपञ्चन्
Formअव्ययवत् संख्याशब्दः; ‘वर्षाणि’ इत्यनेन सह संख्या-विशेषणम्
वर्षाणिyears
वर्षाणि:
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, बहुवचन, द्वितीया (कालपरिमाणे कर्मत्वेन)
उपभुज्यhaving enjoyed/occupied (it)
उपभुज्य:
TypeGerund (Absolutive)
Rootउप-√भुज् (भोगे)
Formक्त्वान्त अव्यय; पूर्वक्रिया—‘having enjoyed/possessed/occupied’
प्रयासeffort/labour
प्रयास:
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-√यस्/√यत् (प्रयत्नार्थे) (नामरूप)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (सामान्यतः), एकवचन, षष्ठी (समासपूर्वपदत्वेन)
निष्क्रयेणby (way of) compensation / by paying a redemption price
निष्क्रयेण:
TypeNoun
Rootनिष्क्रय
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, तृतीया; करण/हेतु-भावे ‘by means of/through as compensation’
दद्यात्should give / should pay
दद्यात्:
TypeVerb
Root√दा (दाने)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘he should give/pay’
Entities Mentioned
N
non-cultivating holderS
substitute cultivator/occupantFAQs
Land must serve production and revenue; idle tenure is disfavored, but equity is maintained by compensating the party who actually invested labor.