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Sutra 8

Devanagari script

समाहर्तृप्रदिष्टाश्च गृहपतिकव्यञ्जना येषु ग्रामेषु प्रणिहितास्तेषां ग्रामाणां क्षेत्रगृहकुलाग्रं विद्युः मानसंजाताभ्यां क्षेत्राणि भोगपरिहाराभ्यां गृहाणि वर्णकर्मभ्यां कुलानि च ॥ कZ_०२.३५.०८ ॥

Transliteration

samāhartṛpradiṣṭāś ca gṛhapatika-vyañjanā yeṣu grāmeṣu praṇihitās teṣāṃ grāmāṇāṃ kṣetra-gṛha-kulāgraṃ vidyuḥ; māna-saṃjātābhyāṃ kṣetrāṇi, bhoga-parihārābhyāṃ gṛhāṇi, varṇa-karmabhyāṃ kulāni ca

Translation

Les agents placés dans les villages—déguisés en chefs de maison et en marchands, selon les instructions du samāhartṛ—devront connaître les totaux des champs, des maisons et des foyers de ces villages : les champs d’après la mesure et la production ; les maisons d’après l’occupation/l’usage et les exemptions/remises ; et les foyers d’après la catégorie sociale et la profession.

Word by Word
समाहर्तृ-प्रदिष्टाः(those) instructed/appointed by the Samāhartṛ
समाहर्तृ-प्रदिष्टाः:
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootप्र-√दिश्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त) ‘प्रदिष्ट’ = instructed/assigned; समाहर्तृ- (gen. relation)
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
गृहपति-क-व्यञ्जनाःbearing the credentials/marks of the village householders (headmen)
गृहपति-क-व्यञ्जनाः:
TypeNoun (adjectival)
Root√व्यञ्ज् (व्यञ्जना)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; ‘व्यञ्जन’ = mark/indicator; ‘गृहपति-क’ = connected with/pertaining to householders (village heads)
येwho/which (persons)
ये:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक (relative pronoun)
षुin (locative plural ending)
षु:
TypeCase-ending segment
Root(enclitic of locative plural)
Form‘ग्रामेषु’ इत्यस्य विभक्त्यन्त-अवयवः (सप्तमी-बहुवचन)
ग्रामेषुin the villages
ग्रामेषु:
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-बहुवचन
प्रणिहिताःposted/assigned
प्रणिहिताः:
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootप्र-√धा (निहित) / √हिता (as ‘placed’)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-बहुवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (क्त) ‘प्रणिहित’ = posted/placed/assigned
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-बहुवचन
ग्रामाणाम्of the villages
ग्रामाणाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootग्राम
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-बहुवचन
क्षेत्र-गृह-कुल-अग्रम्the complete particulars/aggregate of fields, houses, and families
क्षेत्र-गृह-कुल-अग्रम्:
TypeNoun
Rootअग्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; ‘अग्रम्’ = foremost/total/summary; members: क्षेत्र, गृह, कुल
विद्युःthey should know/ascertain
विद्युः:
TypeVerb
Root√विद् (to know)
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ्?; परस्मैपद; 3rd person plural; injunctional sense ‘they should know/ascertain’ (contextual optative/imperative)
मान-संजाताभ्याम्by (data) derived from measurement/assessment
मान-संजाताभ्याम्:
TypeNoun/Adjective (compound)
Rootसंजात
Formनपुंसक/पुं?; तृतीया-द्विवचन; ‘मान’ (measurement/assessment) + ‘संजात’ (arisen/derived) = ‘arising from measurement/assessment’
क्षेत्राणिfields
क्षेत्राणि:
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेत्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-बहुवचन
भोग-परिहाराभ्याम्by (records of) occupancy/enjoyment and exemptions/remissions
भोग-परिहाराभ्याम्:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootपरिहार
Formपुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया-द्विवचन; भोग + परिहार
गृहाणिhouses
गृहाणि:
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-बहुवचन
वर्ण-कर्मभ्याम्by (their) social category and occupation
वर्ण-कर्मभ्याम्:
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootकर्मन्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया-द्विवचन; वर्ण + कर्म
कुलानिfamilies/households
कुलानि:
TypeNoun
Rootकुल
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-बहुवचन
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
Entities Mentioned
S
samāhartṛ (Collector-General)
P
planted agents (praṇihita)
V
villages
H
householders and traders (cover identities)

FAQs

Area alone can be manipulated; yield cross-validates productivity and helps detect underreporting, crop concealment, or fraudulent classification.

Occupancy/use reveals real economic status, while exemptions/remissions are common leakage points; pairing them enables audit of privilege claims.

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