क्षेपणः काचार्पणादीनि ॥ कZ_०२.१३.३८ ॥
kṣepaṇaḥ kācārpaṇādīni
« Kṣepaṇa » consiste en des pratiques telles que l’insertion/l’ajout de verre (et des substitutions analogues).
Material substitution or dilution—adding cheaper material (e.g., glass) to imitate higher-value goods.