Skanda Purana — Kashi Khanda, Shloka 91

Devanagari script

मम लोकात्परोलोको वैकुंठ इति गीयते । तस्योपरिष्टात्कौमार उमालोकस्ततः परम्

Transliteration

mama lokātparoloko vaikuṃṭha iti gīyate | tasyopariṣṭātkaumāra umālokastataḥ param

Translation

Más allá de mi mundo se canta que está Vaikuṇṭha. Por encima de él se halla el reino de Kaumāra; y más allá aún, el mundo de Umā.

Word by Word

• मम: my
• मम: Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध/6th case), एकवचन — Genitive singular

• लोकात्: from the world
• लोकात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (अपादान/5th case), एकवचन — Ablative singular

• परः: higher/other
• परः: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन — Nominative singular; विशेषण (qualifying ‘लोकः’)

• लोकः: world
• लोकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (कर्ता/1st case), एकवचन — Nominative singular

• वैकुण्ठः: Vaikuṇṭha
• वैकुण्ठः: Samānādhikaraṇa (Apposition/समानाधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैकुण्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन — Nominative singular; लोकस्य नाम (proper name)

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (Marker/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्ति-बोधक अव्यय (quotative particle)

• गीयते: is sung/called
• गीयते: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गै (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार, कर्मणि-प्रयोग (passive), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — Present passive, 3rd sg

• तस्य: of that (world)
• तस्य: Sambandha (Possessor/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (सम्बन्ध/6th case), एकवचन — Genitive singular

• उपरिष्टात्: above
• उपरिष्टात्: Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उपरिष्टात् (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• कौमारः: (the realm) Kaumāra
• कौमारः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कौमार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन — Nominative singular; लोकविशेषः (name of a realm)

• उमालोकः: Umā’s world
• उमालोकः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उमा + लोक (प्रातिपदिकौ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन — Nominative singular; उमायाः लोकः (realm of Umā)

• ततः: from there/thereafter
• ततः: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय/तद्-तसिल्)
• Form: अपादानार्थक-अव्यय (ablatival adverb: ‘from there/thereafter’)

• परम्: further/beyond
• परम्: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन — used adverbially as ‘further/beyond’; विशेषण

Speaker

Skanda (deduced; 'Kaumāra' aligns with Skanda/Kumāra context)

Visual Art Cues

Scene: A layered cosmic map: successive luminous realms stacked upward—first a radiant Vaikuṇṭha with Nārāyaṇa’s emblems, above it Kaumāra-loka with Skanda’s spear and peacock banner, beyond that Umā-loka with Devī enthroned—connected by a vertical path of light.

Characters & Entities

• Vaikuṇṭha
• Kaumāra (Kumāra)
• Umā

FAQs

What is the primary spiritual lesson of this shloka?

The Purāṇic cosmos is hierarchically ordered, pointing to progressively subtler divine realms.

Which specific holy site (Tirtha) is glorified here?

Not a single tirtha is named in this verse; it supports Kāśī Khaṇḍa’s broader soteriological map of worlds and liberation.

What ritualistic prescription is mentioned?

None explicitly; the verse provides cosmological teaching within the cow-glorification narrative arc.