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Shloka 3

पापभेदवर्णनम्

Classification of Sins / Taxonomy of Pāpa

परिवित्तिः परिवेत्ता च यया च परिविद्यते । तयोर्दानं च कन्यायास्तयोरेव च याजनम्

parivittiḥ parivettā ca yayā ca parividyate | tayordānaṃ ca kanyāyāstayoreva ca yājanam

El ‘parivitti’ (el hermano mayor que permanece sin casarse), el ‘parivettā’ (el hermano menor que se casa primero) y la mujer por quien se consuma tal falta: para esos dos hermanos debe realizarse la entrega de una doncella en matrimonio, y sólo para esos dos se prescribe la oficiación sacerdotal (yājana).

परिवित्तिःthe elder sister (married before the younger)
परिवित्तिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपरिवित्ति (प्रातिपदिक) < परि+विद् (धातु)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
परिवेत्ताthe man who marries before his elder brother (younger brother marrying first)
परिवेत्ता:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootपरिवेत्तृ (प्रातिपदिक) < परि+विद् (धातु)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
ययाby whom / by which (woman)
यया:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/3rd), एकवचन (Singular)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
परिविद्यतेis known/recognized (as)
परिविद्यते:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि+विद् (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोग (passive/impersonal sense)
तयोःof those two
तयोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विवचन-रूप (Dual form), षष्ठी/सप्तमी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th or Locative/7th) — here Genitive; उभयलिङ्ग-प्रयोग (pronoun)
दानम्the giving (gift)
दानम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदान (प्रातिपदिक) < दा (धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular) — here Nominative
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
कन्यायाःof the maiden/daughter
कन्यायाः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular)
तयोःof those two
तयोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विवचन (Dual), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th)
एवindeed/only
एव:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चय/अवधारण-अव्यय (emphatic particle)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
याजनम्the officiating/sacrificial performance (as a rite)
याजनम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयाजन (प्रातिपदिक) < यज् (धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular) — here Nominative

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Īśāna

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga narrative; it is a dharma-technical verse on irregular marriage order (parivedana) and its ritual/social consequences.

Significance: General: upholds social-ritual order (varṇāśrama-dharma) as a stabilizing framework for sādhana; disorder is treated as a source of pratyavāya (ritual demerit) that distracts from Śiva-upāsanā.

S
Shiva

FAQs

The verse places social-ritual order (dharma) as a supporting discipline for a Shaiva life: when dharma is disrupted, responsibility and ritual accountability fall specifically on those who caused the disruption, so that devotion and worship proceed without disorder.

In the Shiva Purana, external rites and inner devotion are meant to align; this rule frames who is ritually eligible/answerable in household rites, thereby preserving the integrity of offerings and worship directed to Saguna Shiva (including Linga worship).

No specific japa or bhasma/rudraksha practice is prescribed in this line; the takeaway is dharmic restraint and proper ritual responsibility, which traditionally supports Shiva-upasana such as Panchakshara japa performed with purity of conduct.