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Shloka 51

स्वायम्भुव-मन्वन्तर-वंशवर्णनम्

Genealogy of Svāyambhuva Manu and the Dhruva Episode

शौनक उवाच । अंगुष्ठाद्ब्रह्मणो जज्ञे दक्षश्चोक्तस्त्वया पुरा । कथं प्राचेतसत्वं हि पुनर्लेभे महातपाः

śaunaka uvāca | aṃguṣṭhādbrahmaṇo jajñe dakṣaścoktastvayā purā | kathaṃ prācetasatvaṃ hi punarlebhe mahātapāḥ

Dijo Śaunaka: «Antes nos dijiste que Dakṣa nació del pulgar de Brahmā. ¿Cómo, entonces, ese gran asceta volvió a alcanzar el estado de Prācetasa (hijo de los Pracetas)?»

शौनकःŚaunaka
शौनकः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootशौनक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — speaker name
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
क्रिया (verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√वच् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — 'said'
अंगुष्ठात्from the thumb
अंगुष्ठात्:
अपादान (Apādāna/Source)
TypeNoun
Rootअंगुष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन — 'from the thumb'
ब्रह्मणःof Brahmā
ब्रह्मणः:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन — 'of Brahmā'
जज्ञेwas born
जज्ञे:
क्रिया (verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — 'was born/arose'
दक्षःDakṣa
दक्षः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootदक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — proper noun
and
:
समुच्चय (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
उक्तःwas said/mentioned
उक्तः:
कर्मणि-भाव (predicative; passive)
TypeVerb
Rootउक्त (कृदन्त; √वच् धातु)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन — 'having been said/mentioned' (predicate adjective of 'दक्षः')
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
कर्ता (Agent in passive/कर्तृकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन — 'by you'
पुराformerly
पुरा:
कालाधिकरण (temporal)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb) — 'formerly/earlier'
कथम्how
कथम्:
प्रश्न (interrogative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम् (अव्यय)
Formप्रश्न-अव्यय (interrogative adverb) — 'how?'
प्राचेतसत्वम्Prācetasa-hood (status as Prācetasa)
प्राचेतसत्वम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootप्राचेतस-त्व (प्रातिपदिक; components: प्राचेतस + त्व)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन — 'the state/condition of being Prācetasa'
हिindeed/for
हि:
सम्बन्ध (discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle) — emphasis/causal nuance 'indeed/for'
पुनःagain
पुनः:
क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (adverb) — 'again'
लेभेobtained
लेभे:
क्रिया (verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Root√लभ् (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), आत्मनेपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — 'obtained'
महातपाःthe great ascetic
महातपाः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject; apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootमहा-तपस् (प्रातिपदिक; components: महा + तपस्)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन — 'great ascetic' (epithet of Dakṣa)

Śaunaka (addressing Sūta Gosvāmin in the Naimiṣāraṇya dialogue frame)

Tattva Level: pashu

S
Shiva
B
Brahma
D
Daksha
P
Pracetas

FAQs

It highlights a Purāṇic principle: the same jīva may assume different births and lineages according to karma and divine ordinance. From a Shaiva Siddhanta lens, such shifting identities underscore bondage (pāśa) and the need for grace and right devotion to Pati (Śiva) for liberation.

Though the verse is genealogical, its deeper thrust supports devotion to Saguna Śiva (worshipped as the Liṅga) as the stabilizing refuge beyond changing births and statuses. Lineage and worldly rank fluctuate, but surrender to Śiva and dharmic conduct lead toward purification and spiritual clarity.

No specific rite is prescribed in this verse; the practical takeaway is to cultivate tapas and Śiva-bhakti—commonly expressed in the Shiva Purana through japa of the Pañcākṣarī (“Om Namaḥ Śivāya”) and steady worship of the Śiva-liṅga with purity and humility.