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Shloka 39

Arjuna’s Mantra-Empowerment and the Pāṇḍavas’ Separation (Śiva-rūpa through Mantra)

स वृद्धब्राह्मणो भूत्वा ब्रह्मचारी शचीपतिः । जगाम तत्र विप्रेन्द्र परीक्षार्थं हि तस्य वै

sa vṛddhabrāhmaṇo bhūtvā brahmacārī śacīpatiḥ | jagāma tatra viprendra parīkṣārthaṃ hi tasya vai

Oh el mejor de los brāhmanes: el señor de Śacī (Indra) tomó la forma de un brāhmana anciano y de un brahmacārī, y fue allí en verdad, únicamente para ponerlo a prueba.

saḥhe
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; pronoun (सर्वनाम)
vṛddha-brāhmaṇaḥan old brāhmaṇa
vṛddha-brāhmaṇaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootvṛddha + brāhmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; कर्मधारयः—‘वृद्धः ब्राह्मणः’
bhūtvāhaving become
bhūtvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootbhū (भू धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त), ‘having become’ (पूर्वकालिक क्रिया)
brahmacārīa celibate student (brahmacārin)
brahmacārī:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbrahmacārin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular
śacī-patiḥŚacī’s husband (Indra)
śacī-patiḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootśacī + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः—‘शच्याः पतिः’ (Indra)
jagāmawent
jagāma:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootgam (गम् धातु)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), adverb of place (देशवाचक)
vipra-indraO best of brāhmaṇas
vipra-indra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvipra + indra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (8th/सम्बोधन), Singular; संबोधन-तत्पुरुषः—‘विप्राणाम् इन्द्रः’ (O best of brāhmaṇas)
parīkṣā-arthamfor the purpose of testing
parīkṣā-artham:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/उद्देश्य)
TypeNoun
Rootparīkṣā + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; purpose-accusative; समासः—परीक्षार्थ (तत्पुरुषः: ‘परीक्षायै अर्थः’)
hiindeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), particle (निपात) giving emphasis/indeed
tasyaof him; his
tasya:
Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुं), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Singular; pronoun
vaicertainly
vai:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya (अव्यय), emphatic particle (निपात)

Suta Goswami

Tattva Level: pasha

Shiva Form: Rudra

I
Indra
S
Shachi

FAQs

It shows that spiritual maturity is proven through testing—outer appearances can be deceptive, and true dharma is revealed when one remains steady in purity, humility, and devotion despite challenges.

In Shaiva narratives, such tests refine the devotee’s inner fitness (adhikāra) for Saguna Shiva worship—Linga-pūjā is not merely ritual, but requires integrity, self-restraint, and unwavering bhakti when confronted by trials.

The verse highlights brahmacarya (sense-restraint) as a core sādhana; practically, one may support this with daily japa of the Panchakshara (Om Namaḥ Śivāya) and disciplined conduct, treating tests as opportunities for inner purification.