Rig Veda 5.43.5 — Mandala 5, Sukta 43, Mantra 5

Sukta 5.43

Rishi: Atri (Ātreya) (traditional; verify)

Devata: Indra (with Soma as offering)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

असावि ते जुजुषाणाय सोमः क्रत्वे दक्षाय बृहते मदाय । हरी रथे सुधुरा योगे अर्वागिन्द्र प्रिया कृणुहि हूयमानः ॥

Transliteration

asā́vi te jujuṣāṇā́ya sómaḥ krátve dákṣāya bṛhaté mádāya | hárī ráthe sudhúrā yóge arvā́g índra priyā́ kṛṇuhi hūyámānaḥ ||

Translation

Para ti que aceptas, ha sido prensado el Soma: para la determinación (krátu), para la destreza (dákṣa), para la vasta embriaguez. Unce a los dos Haris al carro bien uncido y acércate, oh Indra; llamado, haz esta ofrenda grata y eficaz.

Word by Word

• असावि: has been pressed / was pressed (Soma)
• असावि: (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √सु (सुनोति/सवति) ‘to press, to extract (Soma)’

• ते: for you
• ते: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद् (2nd person pronoun)

• जुजुषाणाय: for (you) who are being pleased / who gladly accept
• जुजुषाणाय: Sampradāna (qualifier of recipient)
• Type: Participle (Adjective)
• Root: √जुष् ‘to enjoy, to be pleased; to accept’ (PPP used adjectivally)

• सोमः: Soma
• सोमः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम- (prātipadika)

• क्रत्वे: for (your) resolve/ritual power
• क्रत्वे: Sampradāna / Prayojana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रतु-

• दक्षाय: for strength/skill (efficacy)
• दक्षाय: Sampradāna / Prayojana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दक्ष-

• बृहते: for the great
• बृहते: Sampradāna / Prayojana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बृहन्त्-

• मदाय: for exhilaration / intoxication
• मदाय: Sampradāna / Prayojana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मद-

• हरी: the two bay steeds
• हरी: Kartā (with implied verb ‘yuktau/āstām’ etc.)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि-

• रथे: on/in the chariot
• रथे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ-

• सुधुरा: well-yoked / having good yoke-poles
• सुधुरा: Kartā (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु- + धुरा-

• योगे: in the yoking / at the harnessing
• योगे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग-

• अर्वाक्: hither, toward here
• अर्वाक्: (directional modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अर्वाक् (indeclinable directional)

• इन्द्र: O Indra
• इन्द्र: Sambodhana
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: इन्द्र-

• प्रियाः: dear, pleasing
• प्रियाः: Karma (object complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रिय-

• कृणुहि: make!
• कृणुहि: (predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ ‘to make, to do’

• हूयमानः: being invoked / while being called
• हूयमानः: Kartā (qualifier of Indra)
• Type: Participle
• Root: √ह्वे (ह्वयति) ‘to call, invoke’ (present passive participle)