Shloka 88

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

स कुम्भकर्णोहृतकर्णनासोविदारितस्तेनरदैर्नखैश्च ।रोषाभिभूतःक्षतजार्द्रगात्रःसुग्रीवमाविध्यपिपेषभूमौ ।।।।

Transliteration

sa kumbhakarṇo hṛtakarṇanāso vidāritas tena radair nakhaiś ca |

roṣābhibhūtaḥ kṣatajārdragātraḥ sugrīvam āvidhya pipeṣa bhūmau ||

Translation

Kumbhakarna, con las orejas y la nariz arrancadas y el cuerpo desgarrado por dientes y uñas, fue vencido por la ira. Con los miembros empapados en sangre, arrojó a Sugriva y lo aplastó contra el suelo.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• कुम्भकर्णः: Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kumbhakarṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• हृतकर्णनासः: deprived of ears and nose
• हृतकर्णनासः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hṛta (कृदन्त; √hṛ धातु) + karṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + nāsā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; बहुव्रीहिः ‘हृतौ कर्णौ नासा च यस्य’

• विदारितः: torn open
• विदारितः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vidārita (कृदन्त; √dṛ धातु, causative/denom. ‘to tear’)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; क्त-प्रत्यय; ‘torn/split’

• तेन: by him (Sugriva)
• तेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• रदैः: with teeth
• रदैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rada (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्

• नखैः: with nails
• नखैः: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nakha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, तृतीया-विभक्तिः, बहुवचनम्

• च: and
• च: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्ययम्

• रोषाभिभूतः: overcome by rage
• रोषाभिभूतः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: roṣa (प्रातिपदिक) + abhibhūta (कृदन्त; abhi-√bhū धातु)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; तृतीया-तत्पुरुषः ‘रोषेण अभिभूतः’

• क्षतजार्द्रगात्रः: with limbs wet with blood
• क्षतजार्द्रगात्रः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kṣata (प्रातिपदिक) + jala (प्रातिपदिक) + ārdra (प्रातिपदिक) + gātra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, प्रथमा-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्; बहुव्रीहिः ‘क्षतजलेन आर्द्राणि गात्राणि यस्य’ (blood-wet limbs)

• सुग्रीवम्: Sugriva
• सुग्रीवम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गे, द्वितीया-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

• आविध्य: having flung/struck
• आविध्य: Kriya (क्रिया; पूर्वक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√vyadh (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (Absolutive) ‘having hurled/struck down’

• पिपेष: crushed; pounded
• पिपेष: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √piṣ (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकारः (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुषः, एकवचनम्; परस्मैपदम्

• भूमौ: on the ground
• भूमौ: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhūmi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्गे, सप्तमी-विभक्तिः, एकवचनम्

Context

Deprived of ears and nose by Sugriva, splitting with nails and teeth, Kumbhakarna was highly furious and pinning down Sugriva pounded him against the ground, limbs bespattered.

Characters & Entities

• Kumbhakarṇa
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Uncontrolled anger (krodha) is portrayed as a destructive force that drives violent excess; dharma values restraint even amid conflict.

What is the narrative situation?

After being mutilated, Kumbhakarṇa retaliates by slamming Sugrīva to the ground and crushing him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Implicitly, the need for self-control; the verse highlights the vice of wrath rather than a virtue.