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Valmiki Ramayana 6.16.3Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 16, Shloka 3

विभीषणोपदेशे रावणस्य परुषवाक्यम्

Ravana’s Harsh Reply to Vibhishana’s Counsel

जानामिशीलंज्ञातीनांसर्वलोकेषुराक्षस: ।हृष्यन्तिव्यसनेष्वेतेज्ञातीनाज्ञातयस्सदा ।।।।

jānāmi śīlaṃ jñātīnāṃ sarvalokeṣu rākṣasaḥ |

hṛṣyanti vyasaneṣv ete jñātīnā jñātayaḥ sadā ||

Conozco la índole de los parientes en todos los mundos, oh Rākṣasa: estos deudos, una y otra vez, se complacen cuando su propia sangre cae en la desgracia.

jānāmiI know
jānāmi:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√jñā (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
śīlamnature/character
śīlam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśīla (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
jñātīnāmof kinsmen/relatives
jñātīnām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootjñāti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन
sarvalokeṣuin all worlds
sarvalokeṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsarva + loka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/सप्तमी), बहुवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (सर्वे लोका: = all worlds)
rākṣasaO Rākṣasa
rākṣasa:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootrākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (Vocative/सम्बोधन), एकवचन
hṛṣyantirejoice
hṛṣyanti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√hṛṣ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद
vyasaneṣuin calamities/distresses
vyasaneṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootvyasana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, बहुवचन
etethese
ete:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootetad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; सर्वनाम
jñātīnāmof (their) relatives
jñātīnām:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootjñāti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, बहुवचन
ajñātayaḥnon-kin/strangers
ajñātayaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootajñāti (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; a- (नञ्) + jñāti
sadāalways
sadā:
Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootsadā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; कालवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of time)

"Since you are an elderly one, I desired to tender good advice and spoke these words. I may be excused. You protect all these Rakshasas, this capital city and yourself after I depart. Let you be auspicious and be happy."

V
Vibhīṣaṇa
R
Rāvaṇa
R
rākṣasas (as a group)

FAQs

Dharma here warns against blind trust in even one’s own circle; ethical discernment requires recognizing envy and opportunism that can arise among kin.

Vibhīṣaṇa is admonishing Rāvaṇa, explaining that relatives may secretly rejoice in a leader’s downfall, urging Rāvaṇa to heed wise counsel.

Vibhīṣaṇa’s satya (truthfulness) and moral courage—speaking an unpleasant truth for the other’s welfare.

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