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Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 14, Shloka 19

विभीषणोपदेशः

Vibhīṣaṇa’s Counsel to Rāvaṇa and the Rākṣasa Court

Devanagari script

यावद्धिकेशग्रहणातसुहृद्भि: समेत्यसर्वैःपरिपूर्णकामैः ।निगृह्यराजापरिरक्षितव्योभूतैर्यथाभीमबलैर्गृहीतः ।।।।

Transliteration

yāvad dhi keśa-grahaṇāt suhṛdbhiḥ sametya sarvaiḥ paripūrṇa-kāmaiḥ | nigṛhya rājā parirakṣitavyo bhūtair yathā bhīma-balair gṛhītaḥ ||

Translation

Por el tiempo que haga falta—aun tomándolo del cabello—reúnanse todos sus amigos bienintencionados, colmados de buen deseo, y contengan al rey para protegerlo, como se rescata a un hombre apresado por espíritus terribles y poderosos.

Word by Word
यावत्as far as; up to the point that
यावत्:
अव्यय-सम्बन्धः (extent/limit marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययम्; परिमाण/अवधि-निर्देशक (limit/extent marker: 'as far as/so long as')
द्धिindeed; surely
द्धि:
निपात (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय) → धि/द्धि (सन्ध्यन्तरूप)
Formनिपातः (particle); अवधारण/हेतु-भाव (emphasis/indeed)
केशग्रहणात्from (even) seizing by the hair
केशग्रहणात्:
अपादान (source/starting point: 'from the act of seizing hair')
TypeNoun
Rootकेश (प्रातिपदिक) + ग्रहण (प्रातिपदिक) (केशस्य ग्रहणम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; पञ्चमी-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (ablative singular) — 'केशग्रहण' इति षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (genitive determinative)
सुहृद्भिःby friends
सुहृद्भिः:
करण (agent-instrument: 'by/with friends')
TypeNoun
Rootसुहृद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् (instrumental plural)
समेत्यhaving assembled; having come together
समेत्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial: prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् + इ (धातु) → समेत्य (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययम् (gerund/absolutive); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having come together)
सर्वैःby all
सर्वैः:
करण (with all [friends])
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् (instrumental plural); विशेषणम् (qualifying सुहृद्भिः)
परिपूर्णकामैःby those whose desires are fulfilled
परिपूर्णकामैः:
करण (by friends whose wishes are fulfilled)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि + पूर्ण (कृदन्त/विशेषण) + काम (प्रातिपदिक) (कामाः परिपूर्णाः येषाम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् (instrumental plural); बहुव्रीहिः—'whose desires are fulfilled' (qualifying सुहृद्भिः)
निगृह्यhaving subdued; having seized by force
निगृह्य:
क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial: prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि + ग्रह् (धातु) → निगृह्य (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्ययम् (gerund/absolutive); पूर्वकालिक-क्रिया (having restrained/seized)
राजाthe king
राजा:
कर्तृ (grammatical subject of 'परिरक्षितव्यः')
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम् (nominative singular)
परिरक्षितव्यःmust be protected; is to be guarded
परिरक्षितव्यः:
विधेय (necessity/obligation predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootपरि + रक्ष् (धातु) → परिरक्षितव्य (तव्यत्-कृदन्त; gerundive)
Formतव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त-कृदन्त (gerundive: 'to be protected'); पुंलिङ्गम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम्; विधेय-विशेषणम् (predicate adjective of राजा)
भूतैःby demons; by beings
भूतैः:
करण (by beings/demons)
TypeNoun
Rootभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गम्; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् (instrumental plural)
यथाjust as; as if
यथा:
उपमान-सम्बन्ध (comparison marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
Formअव्ययम्; उपमान/प्रकार-वाचक (comparative: 'just as')
भीमबलैःby those of dreadful strength
भीमबलैः:
करण (by terribly strong [demons])
TypeAdjective
Rootभीम (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक) (भीमं बलं येषाम्)
Formपुंलिङ्गम्; तृतीया-विभक्तिः; बहुवचनम् (instrumental plural); बहुव्रीहिः—'of terrible strength' (qualifying भूतैः)
गृहीतःseized; captured
गृहीतः:
विधेय (state/result predicate: 'having been seized')
TypeAdjective
Rootग्रह् (धातु) → गृहीत (क्त-प्रत्यय; past passive participle)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त-कृदन्त (PPP: 'seized'); पुंलिङ्गम्; प्रथमा-विभक्तिः; एकवचनम्; विधेय-विशेषणम् (predicate adjective of राजा; implied 'राजा ... गृहीतः')
Context

"The king will have to be protected by all friends joined together whose wishes have been gratified even by catching him by his hair forcibly just as a man surrounded by a devil of terrific strength is pulled out by his hair."

Characters & Entities
R
Rāvaṇa (implied as 'the king')

FAQs

When a leader is self-destructive, dharma may require firm restraint for protection—compassion expressed through corrective action, not flattery.

The speaker urges collective action by the king’s circle to physically and politically restrain him from a ruinous course.

Loyalty as guardianship: genuine friendship prevents harm even through unpleasant measures.

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